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→Overview
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==Overview==
==Overview==
Bioretention systems may be the most well recognized form of [[low impact development]] (LID). They can fit into any style of landscape and utilize all of the treatment mechanisms: [[infiltration]], filtration, attenuation and [[evapotranspiration]].
Bioretention systems may be the most well recognized form of [[low impact development]] (LID). They can fit into any style of landscape and utilize all of the stormwater treatment mechanisms: [[infiltration]], filtration, attenuation and [[evapotranspiration]].
{{textbox|Bioretention is an ideal technology for:
{{textbox|Bioretention is an ideal technology for:
*Fitting functional vegetation into urban landscapes
*Fitting multi-functional vegetation into urban landscapes
*Treating runoff collected from nearby impervious surfaces}}
*Treating runoff collected from nearby impervious surfaces}}
'''The fundamental components of a bioretention cell are:'''
'''The fundamental components of a bioretention cell are:'''
*A surface ponding area
*A surface ponding area
*A filter bed containing a [[Bioretention: Filter media| filter media]]
*A filter bed containing a [[Bioretention: Filter media| filter media]]
*An [[Bioretention: Internal water storage| internal water storage reservoir]] composed of a [[reservoir aggregate]] layer, and may include embedded void-forming structures.
*An [[Bioretention: Internal water storage| internal water storage reservoir]] composed of a [[reservoir aggregate]] layer, and may include embedded void-forming structures to minimize depth and conserve aggregate, and organic material derived from untreated wood (aids in dissolved nitrogen removal).
*[[Plant lists|Plants]], and
*[[Plant lists|Plants]], and
*A filter bed surface cover layer (e.g. [[mulch]] and [[stone]])
*A filter bed surface cover layer (e.g. [[mulch]] and [[stone]])
'''Additional components may include:'''
'''Additional components may include:'''
*An [[underdrain]] to redistribute or remove excess water
*An [[underdrain]] to redistribute or remove excess water
*Filter media [[additives]] intended to enhance retention of nutrients, metals, hydrocarbons or bacteria.
*Filter media [[additives]] intended to enhance retention of nutrients, metals, petroleum hydrocarbons and/or bacteria.
==Planning considerations==
==Planning considerations==