Difference between revisions of "Bioretention: TTT"

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(Created page with "{| class="prettytable" |- | colspan="2" |<center>'''Surface'''</center> |- |Berm height (mm) |Sometimes referred to as the bowl depth |- |Surface roughness (Manning’s n) |Lo...")
 
 
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{| class="prettytable"
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{{Clickable button|[[File:TTT.png|350 px|link=http://www.sustainabletechnologies.ca/wp/low-impact-development-treatment-train-tool/]]}}
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[[File:LID TTT.png|thumb|[[Bioretention cells]] are found within the LID toolbox]]
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{|class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
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| colspan="2" |<center>'''Surface'''</center>
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!colspan = "2" align = center"|Surface
 
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|-
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|Berm height (mm)
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|width = 210px|Berm height (mm)
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|Sometimes referred to as the bowl depth
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|Ponding depth, maximum (e.g. 300 mm), sometimes referred to as 'bowl depth'
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Surface roughness (Manning’s n)
 
|Surface roughness (Manning’s n)
 
|Lower numbers indicate less surface obstruction and result in faster flow
 
|Lower numbers indicate less surface obstruction and result in faster flow
 
Suggested ranges:
 
Suggested ranges:
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* Mown grass (dependent on density) 0.03 – 0.06&lt;ref name = SWMM&gt; Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. Dept. of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering.; Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati ONRMRL. Storm Water Management Model Reference Manual Volume I Hydrology (Revised). 2016:233. <nowiki>https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=P100NYRA.txt</nowiki> Accessed August 23, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
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* [[Turf|Mown grass]] (dependent on density) 0.03 – 0.06<ref name = SWMM> Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. Dept. of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering.; Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati ONRMRL. Storm Water Management Model Reference Manual Volume I Hydrology (Revised). 2016:233. https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=P100NYRA.txt  Accessed August 23, 2017.</ref>
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* Rocks 0.03 – 0.05
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* [[Stone]] 0.03 – 0.05
 
* Planted (highly dependent on density) 0.05 – 0.15
 
* Planted (highly dependent on density) 0.05 – 0.15
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Surface slope (%)
 
|Surface slope (%)
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|If the slope &gt; 3% ,<nowiki> a series of [[</nowiki>Checkdams]] or weirs should be included in the design.  
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|If the slope > 3% a series of [[Check dams]] or weirs should be included in the design.  
 
|-
 
|-
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| colspan="2" |<center>'''Soil (bioretention filter media)'''</center>
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!colspan = "2" align = center"|'''Soil (bioretention filter media)'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Thickness (mm)
 
|Thickness (mm)
 
|Depth of filter media
 
|Depth of filter media
 
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|-
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|Porosity (fraction)
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|Porosity of filter media
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|Suggest range 0.35 – 0.4 unless otherwise tested
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|Suggest [[Bioretention media storage|0.35]] unless otherwise tested
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Field capacity (fraction)
 
|Field capacity (fraction)
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|Suggested range 0.10 - 0.12 &lt;ref name = SWMM/&gt;
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|Suggested range 0.10 - 0.12 <ref name = SWMM/>
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Wilting point (fraction)
 
|Wilting point (fraction)
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|Suggested value 0.03 &lt;ref name = SWMM/&gt;
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|Suggested value 0.03 <ref name = SWMM/>
 
|-
 
|-
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|Conductivity (mm/hr)
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|Hydraulic conductivity (mm/hr)
 
|Suggested range 25 – 250 mm/hr
 
|Suggested range 25 – 250 mm/hr
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Conductivity slope
 
|Conductivity slope
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|Suggested value 45 &lt;ref name = SWMM/&gt;
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|Suggested value 45 <ref name = SWMM/>
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Suction head (mm)
 
|Suction head (mm)
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|Suggested range 50 - 60 &lt;ref name = SWMM/&gt;
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|Suggested range 50 - 60 <ref name = SWMM/>
 
|-
 
|-
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| colspan="2" |<center>'''Storage'''</center>
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!colspan = "2" align = center"|'''Storage'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Thickness (mm)
 
|Thickness (mm)
 
|Depth of storage aggregates layer
 
|Depth of storage aggregates layer
 
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|-
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|Void ratio
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|Porosity of storage reservoir aggregate
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|Suggest range 0.35 – 0.4 unless otherwise tested
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|Suggest value 0.4 unless otherwise tested
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Seepage rate (mm/hr)
 
|Seepage rate (mm/hr)
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|-
 
|-
 
|Clogging factor
 
|Clogging factor
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|?
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|Maybe up to 0.5 to account for some anticipated maturation.
 
|-
 
|-
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|Design drawdown time (hrs)
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|Design [[drainage time]] (hrs)
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|Recommend 48 hours?
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|Maximum permissible time to fully drain the storage reservoir.
 
|-
 
|-
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| colspan="2" |<center>'''Drain (underdrain)'''</center>
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!colspan = "2" align = center"|'''Drain (underdrain)'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Flow coefficient
 
|Flow coefficient
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|-
 
|-
 
|Offset height
 
|Offset height
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|<nowiki>This is the height from the base of the cell to the height at which the drain discharges. In some designs this may be the height of the perforated pipe within the storage layer [[Bioretention: Partial infiltration]]. In other designs this height is adjusted by creating an upturn in the discharge pipe. [[Bioretention: Internal storage]] </nowiki>
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|This is the height from the base of the cell to the height at which the drain discharges. In some designs this may be the height of the perforated pipe within the storage layer; in others this height is adjusted by creating an upturn in the discharge pipe.[[Bioretention: Partial infiltration]]
 
|}
 
|}
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[[category: modeling]]

Latest revision as of 16:31, 22 April 2020

TTT.png

Bioretention cells are found within the LID toolbox
Surface
Berm height (mm) Ponding depth, maximum (e.g. 300 mm), sometimes referred to as 'bowl depth'
Surface roughness (Manning’s n) Lower numbers indicate less surface obstruction and result in faster flow

Suggested ranges:

  • Mown grass (dependent on density) 0.03 – 0.06[1]
  • Stone 0.03 – 0.05
  • Planted (highly dependent on density) 0.05 – 0.15
Surface slope (%) If the slope > 3% a series of Check dams or weirs should be included in the design.
Soil (bioretention filter media)
Thickness (mm) Depth of filter media
Porosity of filter media Suggest 0.35 unless otherwise tested
Field capacity (fraction) Suggested range 0.10 - 0.12 [1]
Wilting point (fraction) Suggested value 0.03 [1]
Hydraulic conductivity (mm/hr) Suggested range 25 – 250 mm/hr
Conductivity slope Suggested value 45 [1]
Suction head (mm) Suggested range 50 - 60 [1]
Storage
Thickness (mm) Depth of storage aggregates layer
Porosity of storage reservoir aggregate Suggest value 0.4 unless otherwise tested
Seepage rate (mm/hr) Infiltration rate of native soil
Clogging factor Maybe up to 0.5 to account for some anticipated maturation.
Design drainage time (hrs) Maximum permissible time to fully drain the storage reservoir.
Drain (underdrain)
Flow coefficient Suggested value 1
Flow exponent Suggested value 1
Offset height This is the height from the base of the cell to the height at which the drain discharges. In some designs this may be the height of the perforated pipe within the storage layer; in others this height is adjusted by creating an upturn in the discharge pipe.Bioretention: Partial infiltration
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Oregon State Univ., Corvallis. Dept. of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering.; Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati ONRMRL. Storm Water Management Model Reference Manual Volume I Hydrology (Revised). 2016:233. https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=P100NYRA.txt Accessed August 23, 2017.

Low Impact Development. A stormwater management strategy that seeks to mitigate the impacts of increased urban runoff and stormwater pollution by managing it as close to its source as possible. It comprises a set of site design approaches and small scale stormwater management practices that promote the use of natural systems for infiltration and evapotranspiration, and rainwater harvesting.

A compacted earthen wall that diverts runoff or creates shallow ponding of runoff. In some cases, runoff ponds behind the berm and gradually flows through it or is infiltrated.

A shallow excavated surface depression containing prepared filter media, mulch, and planted with selected vegetation.

The engineered soil component of bioretention cell or dry swale designs, typically with a high rate of infiltration and designed to retain contaminants through filtration and adsorption to particles.

The porosity (n) of a mixture is the ratio of the volume of void-space to the total or bulk volume of the mixture. It is closely related to the concept of void ratio (e) where void ratio is the ratio of the volume of void-space to the volume of solids. n = Volume of voids/Total volume of mixture = e/(1+e)

A parameter that describes the capability of a medium to transmit water.

A broad category of particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic aggregates, and available in various particulate size gradations.

An underlying bed filled with aggregate or other void-forming fill material that temporarily stores stormwater before infiltrating into the native soil or being conveyed by an underdrain pipe.

A broad category of particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic aggregates, and available in various particulate size gradations.

The rate at which stormwater percolates into the subsoil measured in inches per hour.

The natural ground material characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin.

A perforated pipe used to assist the draining of soils.

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