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==Cold Climate==
==Cold Climate==
The majority of Ontario has a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humid_continental_climate#Koppen_Dfb| "Humid continental" Dfb climate], which includes average temperatures in the coldest month well below -3°C. This condition is found in many other parts of the world where LID strategies are routinely employed, including many northern states in the USA and a large swath of northern Europe.
The majority of Ontario has a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humid_continental_climate#Koppen_Dfb| "Humid continental" Dfb climate], which includes average temperatures in the coldest month well below -3°C. These conditions are found in many other parts of the world where LID strategies are routinely employed, including many northern states in the USA and a large swath of northern Europe.
==De-icing Salt==
==De-icing Salt==
==Other freezing related concerns==
==Other freezing related concerns==
===Flow control devices===
LID facilities have been demonstrated to function well throughout frozen periods of the year even when all components were fully frozen for some part of the year. However, where the consequences of even temporary flooding would be entirely unacceptable, [[underdrains]] should be placed below the frost line to reduce the threat ice clogging. [[Weirs]] are generally less prone to clogging from ice than [[orifices]] under all flow conditions.
===Rainwater harvesting===
Freezing temperatures can cause problems with pipes and cisterns exposed above the [http://www.raqsb.mto.gov.on.ca/techpubs/ops.nsf/0/ee1f1756eacc00e18525808200628fbf/$FILE/OPSD3090.101%20Rev%231%20Nov2010.pdf frost penetration line]. This maybe a significant issue for [[Rainwater harvesting|rainwater harvesting systems]], including residential [[Rain Barrels|rain barrels]].
Freezing temperatures can cause problems with pipes and cisterns exposed above the [http://www.raqsb.mto.gov.on.ca/techpubs/ops.nsf/0/ee1f1756eacc00e18525808200628fbf/$FILE/OPSD3090.101%20Rev%231%20Nov2010.pdf frost penetration line]. This maybe a significant issue for [[Rainwater harvesting|rainwater harvesting systems]], including residential [[Rain Barrels|rain barrels]].
===Green Roofs===
The survival of [[Green roofs: Planting|green roof planting]] is greater in winters with long deep sub-zero temperatures. Being shallow and very exposed to warming sunlight, green roofs thaw rapidly. Frequent freeze-thaw cycles in the early and late winter are associated higher loss of vegetation on green roofs.
The survival of [[Green roofs: Planting|green roof planting]] is greater in winters with long deep sub-zero temperatures. Being shallow and very exposed to warming sunlight, green roofs thaw rapidly. Frequent freeze-thaw cycles in the early and late winter are associated higher loss of vegetation on green roofs.
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