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be a source for runoff (referred to as a ‘source area’). These
be a source for runoff (referred to as a ‘source area’). These
areas should be targeted when introducing LID in your park.
areas should be targeted when introducing LID in your park.
<br>
'''<h4>Targeting hard surfaces</h4>'''
'''<h4>Targeting hard surfaces</h4>'''
Hard surfaces like parking lots and internal driveways are the
Hard surfaces like parking lots and internal driveways are the
storm sewers. They encourage infiltration from hard surfaces
storm sewers. They encourage infiltration from hard surfaces
and can be used to convey water to other LID features.
and can be used to convey water to other LID features.
<br>
'''<h4>Accepting drainage from off-site areas</h4>''' [[File:Example1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|Urban parkettes may look small, but they have
'''<h4>Accepting drainage from off-site areas</h4>''' [[File:Example1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|Urban parkettes may look small, but they have
the potential to treat a large surface area of road. Typical ratios
the potential to treat a large surface area of road. Typical ratios
roads activities, including winter maintenance and potential
roads activities, including winter maintenance and potential
roadwork, will affect the operation of LID practices in the park.
roadwork, will affect the operation of LID practices in the park.
<br>
'''<h4>Inter-municipal transfer of funds</h4>''' Integrating LID practices into the municipal stormwater
'''<h4>Inter-municipal transfer of funds</h4>''' Integrating LID practices into the municipal stormwater management framework may change how municipal funds are managed. Traditional stormwater management maintenance resources and funds may have to be transferred to a more landscape-based stormwater management maintenance program. Instead of infrequent but expensive stormwater management pond sediment removal operations, time and resources will be spent on more frequent but inexpensive maintenance projects including pruning and weeding bioretention practices or sweeping permeable pavement.
management framework may change how municipal funds are
Municipalities generally have the required staff and infrastructure within departments (e.g. arborist and horticulturalists in parks departments) to manage the maintenance of LID measures; however, funding this maintenance may require a transfer of funding and additional training.
managed. Traditional stormwater management maintenance
resources and funds may have to be transferred to a more landscape-based stormwater management maintenance program. Instead of infrequent but expensive stormwater management pond sediment removal operations, time and
resources will be spent on more frequent but inexpensive maintenance projects including pruning and weeding bioretention practices or sweeping permeable pavement.
Municipalities generally have the required staff and infrastructure within departments (e.g. arborist and horticulturalists in parks departments) to manage the maintenance of LID measures; however, funding this maintenance may require a transfer of funding and additional
training.
The federal Gas Tax Fund (GTF) is another funding option for
The federal Gas Tax Fund (GTF) is another funding option for
funding LID retrofits. This is a federal transfer that provides
funding LID retrofits. This is a federal transfer that provides
public infrastructure. Up to 30% of municipalities yearly GTF
public infrastructure. Up to 30% of municipalities yearly GTF
allotment can be used towards stormwater management.
allotment can be used towards stormwater management.
<br><br>
<br>
'''<h4>Source Areas</h4>''' [[File:Example3.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|The road surface (left) contributes significantly
'''<h4>Source Areas</h4>''' [[File:Example3.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|The road surface (left) contributes significantly
more stormwater pollutants than the parkland area (right). To
more stormwater pollutants than the parkland area (right). To
concerns and values. [[File:Example5.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|When installing new parks equipment, consider whether the LID practices can be integrated into the design. Here a
concerns and values. [[File:Example5.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|When installing new parks equipment, consider whether the LID practices can be integrated into the design. Here a
bioswale has been built into the landscape between a playground and sidewalk. (Source: CVC)]]
bioswale has been built into the landscape between a playground and sidewalk. (Source: CVC)]]
'''<h4>External approvals</h4>'''
'''<h4>External approvals</h4>'''
Large-scale park retrofits may require a variety of approvals
Large-scale park retrofits may require a variety of approvals
policies and bylaws to facilitate the implementation of LID
policies and bylaws to facilitate the implementation of LID
projects within parks.
projects within parks.
'''<h4>Next Steps</h4>'''
'''<h4>Next Steps</h4>'''
After reading this chapter you should know how to select the
After reading this chapter you should know how to select the