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| This article is about installations designed to capture and convey surface runoff along a vegetated channel, whilst also promoting infiltration. <br> | | This article is about installations designed to capture and convey surface runoff along a vegetated channel, whilst also promoting infiltration. <br> |
| For underground conveyance which promotes infiltration, see [[Exfiltration trenches]]. <br> | | For underground conveyance which promotes infiltration, see [[Exfiltration trenches]]. <br> |
− | For design recommendations on grassed channels, see [[Enhanced grass swales]]. | + | For design recommendations on channels in which surface flow is controlled with [[check dams]], see [[Enhanced swales]]. |
| + | {{TOClimit|2}} |
| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
− | <strong>The fundamental components of a bioswale are:</strong>
| + | '''The fundamental components of a bioswale are:''' |
| *A graded channel | | *A graded channel |
− | *Planting | + | *[[Plant lists|Planting]] |
| + | *[[Underdrain]] with clean out and inspection ports |
| *[[Bioretention: Filter media | Filter media]], to permit infiltration into the facility (not necessarily to soils below) | | *[[Bioretention: Filter media | Filter media]], to permit infiltration into the facility (not necessarily to soils below) |
− | <strong>Additional components may include:</strong>
| + | '''Additional components may include:''' |
− | *[[Underdrain]] with clean out and inspection ports
| |
| *[[Liner|Impermeable membrane]] to prevent infiltration to soils below | | *[[Liner|Impermeable membrane]] to prevent infiltration to soils below |
| *[[Check dams]] to facilitate short tern ponding | | *[[Check dams]] to facilitate short tern ponding |
| + | |
| ==Planning considerations== | | ==Planning considerations== |
| + | Bioswales are sized as narrow linear [[bioretention cells]]. |
| + | [[Drainage time]] of bioswales is typically lower than other geometric configurations of similarly sized bioretention facilities, owing to the higher hydraulic radius of the sides. |
| | | |
| ==Design== | | ==Design== |
− | Bioswales are sized as narrow linear [[bioretention cells]]. [[Drawdown times]] of bioswales are typically lower than other geometric configurations of bioretention facilities.
| + | *[[Bioretention: Sizing]] |
− | '''[[Infiltration: Sizing and modeling]]'''
| + | ==Inlets== |
− | <h3>Materials</h3>
| + | {{:Inlets}} |
| + | ==Overflow== |
| + | {{:Overflow}} |
| + | ==Materials== |
| + | All forms of bioretention are complex in their structure, so please follow separate links for the materials. |
| + | *[[Plants]] and [[Planting design]] |
| + | *[[Bioretention: Filter media]] |
| + | *[[Choker layer]] |
| + | *[[Underdrains]] |
| + | |
| + | ==Gallery== |
| + | {{:Bioswales: Gallery}} |
| + | |
| + | ==Planting Design Considerations== |
| + | *Where possible a combination of native trees, shrubs and perennial herbs should be used in addition to grasses. |
| + | *Most bioswales will be situated to receive full sun exposure. The ‘Exposure’ column in the master plant list identifies the sun exposure condition for each species. |
| + | *Facilities with a deeper media bed (greater than 1 m) provide the opportunity for a wider range of plant species (including trees). |
| + | *For applications along roads and parking lots, where snow may be plowed or stored, non-woody and salt tolerant species should be chosen. |
| + | *Proper spacing must be provided for aboveground and below ground utilities, and adjacent infrastructure. |
| | | |
− | <h3>Planting</h3>
| + | ==Performance== |
− | {{:Bioretention: Planting design}} | + | {{:Bioswales: Performance}} |
− | {{:Bioretention: Plant list}}
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