| − | *Ongoing biochar research at the British Columbia Institute of Technology is testing the response of native plants to various soil/biochar mixes to be used in rain gardens and the comparison of biochar with different physico-chemical characteristics in chemical contaminants removal efficacy (BCIT, 2025) <ref>BCIT. 2025. Biochar Amended Soil Matrix for Green Stormwater Infrastructure. https://commons.bcit.ca/nbs/rain-gardens-bioretention-cells/</ref>. | + | *Ongoing biochar research at the British Columbia Institute of Technology is testing the response of native plants to various soil/biochar mixes to be used in [[Rain gardens|rain gardens]] and the comparison of biochar with different physico-chemical characteristics in chemical contaminants removal efficacy (BCIT, 2025) <ref>BCIT. 2025. Biochar Amended Soil Matrix for Green Stormwater Infrastructure. https://commons.bcit.ca/nbs/rain-gardens-bioretention-cells/</ref>. |
| | *A [[Bioretention|bioretention]]system in China used biochar layered with or mixed into lateritic red soil, with some success in contaminant removal. The mixed biochar–soil design achieved the highest water retention, and both biochar-amended systems removed more contaminants (TN, NH₃-N, NO₃⁻, TP, PO₄³⁻, and Cu) than systems without biochar (Premarantha et al., 2023) <ref>Premarathna, K. S. D., Biswas, J. K., Kumar, M., Varjani, S., Mickan, B., Show, P. L., Lau, S. Y., Novo, L. A. B., & Vithanage, M. 2023. Biofilters and bioretention systems: the role of biochar in the blue-green city concept for | | *A [[Bioretention|bioretention]]system in China used biochar layered with or mixed into lateritic red soil, with some success in contaminant removal. The mixed biochar–soil design achieved the highest water retention, and both biochar-amended systems removed more contaminants (TN, NH₃-N, NO₃⁻, TP, PO₄³⁻, and Cu) than systems without biochar (Premarantha et al., 2023) <ref>Premarathna, K. S. D., Biswas, J. K., Kumar, M., Varjani, S., Mickan, B., Show, P. L., Lau, S. Y., Novo, L. A. B., & Vithanage, M. 2023. Biofilters and bioretention systems: the role of biochar in the blue-green city concept for |