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[[File:Filtration.png|right|frame|Media based systems are depth filters that capture particles both on the surface and within the media matrix. Membrane filters are surface filters that remove all particles greater than a specified size at the surface of the filter. Membranes are typically much thinner than shown in the diagram above. Both filtration systems can be oriented vertically or horizontally. (Source: Green Synergy Engineering)]]
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Filtration is the process by which stormwater runoff is conveyed through a filter medium to remove solid particles and associated pollutants. Several stormwater practices use filtration through sand or gravel media as the primary mechanism for treatment of urban runoff.
Filtration is the process by which stormwater runoff is conveyed through a filter medium to remove solid particles and associated pollutants. Several stormwater practices use filtration through sand or gravel media as the primary mechanism for treatment of urban runoff.
Stormwater passes through a filter based on the pressure difference on either side of the filter. In most stormwater treatment applications, the pressure difference is created by gravity (or hydraulic head). As the filter becomes [[clogging|clogged]], higher pressure is needed to drive stormwater through the filter, until a point is reached at which flow through the treatment system must be redirected to another flow path (usually a [[overflow|bypass]] within or upstream of the system).
Stormwater passes through a filter based on the pressure difference on either side of the filter. In most stormwater treatment applications, the pressure difference is created by gravity (or hydraulic head). As the filter becomes [[clogging|clogged]], higher pressure is needed to drive stormwater through the filter, until a point is reached at which flow through the treatment system must be redirected to another flow path (usually a [[overflow|bypass]] within or upstream of the system).