Changes

!Potential concerns

!Potential concerns

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![[Biochar]]

|[[Biochar]]

|Renewable <br> Enhances soil aggregation, water holding capacity and organic carbon content||Currently expensive <br> Energy intensive to produce <br> Some sources say ineffective for phosphorus removal

|Renewable <br> Enhances soil aggregation, water holding capacity and organic carbon content||Currently expensive <br> Energy intensive to produce <br> Some sources say ineffective for phosphorus removal

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![[Bold & Gold]]^TM

|[[Bold & Gold]]^TM

|Documented total phosphorus removal of up to 71%<ref>Hood A, Chopra M, Wanielista M. Assessment of Biosorption Activated Media Under Roadside Swales for the Removal of Phosphorus from Stormwater. Water. 2013;5(1):53-66. doi:10.3390/w5010053.</ref>||[https://ecs-water.com/stormwater-management/filtration-media-solutions/ Proprietary]

|Documented total phosphorus removal of up to 71%<ref>Hood A, Chopra M, Wanielista M. Assessment of Biosorption Activated Media Under Roadside Swales for the Removal of Phosphorus from Stormwater. Water. 2013;5(1):53-66. doi:10.3390/w5010053.</ref>||[https://ecs-water.com/stormwater-management/filtration-media-solutions/ Proprietary]

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![[Iron filings (ZVI) |Iron filings or Zero valent iron (ZVI)]]

|[[Iron filings (ZVI) |Iron filings or Zero valent iron (ZVI)]]

|Proven phosphorus retention <br> Retained phosphorus is stable||May harm plants<ref>Logsdon SD, Sauer PA. Iron Filings Cement Engineered Soil Mix. Agron J. 2016;108(4):1753. doi:10.2134/agronj2015.0427.</ref> <br> Removal efficiency declines with increased concentration of incoming phosphorus

|Proven phosphorus retention <br> Retained phosphorus is stable||May harm plants<ref>Logsdon SD, Sauer PA. Iron Filings Cement Engineered Soil Mix. Agron J. 2016;108(4):1753. doi:10.2134/agronj2015.0427.</ref> <br> Removal efficiency declines with increased concentration of incoming phosphorus

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![[Red sand |Red sand or Iron-enriched sand]]

|[[Red sand |Red sand or Iron-enriched sand]]

|Proven phosphorus removal <br> Also removes TSS||Poor orthophosphate removal in hypoxic or anoxic conditions

|Proven phosphorus removal <br> Also removes TSS||Poor orthophosphate removal in hypoxic or anoxic conditions

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![[Smart Sponge]]^TM

|[[Smart Sponge]]^TM

|Removes phosphorus, as well as TSS, fecal coliform bacteria and heavy metals <br> Non-leaching||1-3 year lifespan, after which the product is removed as solid waste <br> [http://www.abtechindustries.com/smart-sponge Proprietary]

|Removes phosphorus, as well as TSS, fecal coliform bacteria and heavy metals <br> Non-leaching||1-3 year lifespan, after which the product is removed as solid waste <br> [http://www.abtechindustries.com/smart-sponge Proprietary]

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![[Sorbtive media |Sorbtive Media]]^TM

|[[Sorbtive media |Sorbtive Media]]^TM

|High phosphorus removal efficiency||[http://www.imbriumsystems.com/Portals/0/documents/sm/brochures/Sorbtive%20Media%20Brochure.pdf Proprietary]

|High phosphorus removal efficiency||[http://www.imbriumsystems.com/Portals/0/documents/sm/brochures/Sorbtive%20Media%20Brochure.pdf Proprietary]

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![[Water treatment residuals]]

|[[Water treatment residuals]]

|Waste product reuse||Quality control (capabilities depend on source, treatment methods, storage time)

|Waste product reuse||Quality control (capabilities depend on source, treatment methods, storage time)

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