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→Pluvial (Surface) flooding
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LIDs are well suited to address localized flooding because they can be shoehorned into smaller areas that may have increased flood risk. Runoff reduction and temporary detention are the primary means by which LIDs can reduce flooding at the scale of urban drainage systems. Kim & Han (2008)<ref>Kim, Y., & Han, M. (2008). Rainwater storage tank as a remedy for a local urban flood control. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 8(1), 31-36.</ref> and Han & Mun (2011)<ref>Han, M. Y., & Mun, J. S. (2011). Operational data of the Star City rainwater harvesting system and its role as a climate change adaptation and a social influence. Water Science and Technology, 63(12), 2796-2801.</ref> conducted studies in Seoul, South Korea, to assess the extent to which the installation of rainwater harvesting cisterns could help mitigate existing urban flooding problems without expanding the capacity of the existing urban drainage system. System operational data showed that 29 mm of rainwater storage per square meter of impervious area (3000 m<sup>3</sup> cistern in this instance) provided sufficient storage for a one in 50 year period storm without the need to upgrade downstream sewers designed to 10 year storm capacity. Stormwater chambers, infiltration chambers, bioretention and other LID systems designed with large volumes of temporary storage could have similar benefits, while also reducing runoff volumes and providing other co-benefits (see section below on ‘designing for flood resilience’).
LIDs are well suited to address localized flooding because they can be shoehorned into smaller areas that may have increased flood risk. Runoff reduction and temporary detention are the primary means by which LIDs can reduce flooding at the scale of urban drainage systems. Kim & Han (2008)<ref>Kim, Y., & Han, M. (2008). Rainwater storage tank as a remedy for a local urban flood control. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 8(1), 31-36.</ref> and Han & Mun (2011)<ref>Han, M. Y., & Mun, J. S. (2011). Operational data of the Star City rainwater harvesting system and its role as a climate change adaptation and a social influence. Water Science and Technology, 63(12), 2796-2801.</ref> conducted studies in Seoul, South Korea, to assess the extent to which the installation of rainwater harvesting cisterns could help mitigate existing urban flooding problems without expanding the capacity of the existing urban drainage system. System operational data showed that 29 mm of rainwater storage per square meter of impervious area (3000 m<sup>3</sup> cistern in this instance) provided sufficient storage for a one in 50 year period storm without the need to upgrade downstream sewers designed to 10 year storm capacity. Stormwater chambers, infiltration chambers, bioretention and other LID systems designed with large volumes of temporary storage could have similar benefits, while also reducing runoff volumes and providing other co-benefits (see section below on ‘designing for flood resilience’).
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+Infiltration facilities and low impact development practices (such as [[bioretention]] and [[rainwater harvesting]]) are typically designed to manage more frequent and lower magnitude rainfall events. However, should these practices be designed for year round functionality, with sufficient flood storage capacity, the volume reductions associated with these practices will be recognized where the local municipality has endorsed the use of these practices and has considered long term operations and maintenance.
==Riverine Flooding==
==Riverine Flooding==