Changes

===Other Benefits===

===Other Benefits===

* ''Winter Performance:'' Snow plow and deicing costs are reduced due to rapid drainage of snow melt. Puddling on parking lots is also reduced.  A two year study of PICP in Vaughan found that the PICP provides equivalent or higher levels of safety compared with asphalt when treated with de-icing products at medium (0.049 kg/m2) or low (0.024 kg/m2) salt application rates<ref>Marvin, J., Scott, J., Van Seters, T., Bowers, B., Drake, J. Winter Maintenance of Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement: Evaluating Opportunities to Reduce Road Salt Pollution and Improve Winter Safety, submitted to Transportation Research Record May 2020, under review</ref>

* ''Winter Performance:'' Snow plow and deicing costs are reduced due to rapid drainage of snow melt. Puddling on parking lots is also reduced.  A two year study of PICP in Vaughan found that the PICP provides equivalent or higher levels of safety compared with asphalt when treated with de-icing products at medium (0.049 kg/m2) or low (0.024 kg/m2) salt application rates<ref>Marvin, J., Scott, J., Van Seters, T., Bowers, B., Drake, J. Winter Maintenance of Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement: Evaluating Opportunities to Reduce Road Salt Pollution and Improve Winter Safety, submitted to Transportation Research Record May 2020, under review</ref>.

*''Urban Heat Island Effect Reduction:'' Porous materials have less thermal conductivity and thermal capacity than traditional impervious pavement, thereby reducing the urban heat island effect <ref name="example3">Ferguson, B.K. 2005. Porous Pavements. Integrative Studies in Water Management and Land Development. Taylor and Francis: New York.</ref>.  Year round measurements of asphalt and PICP surface temperatures in King City, Ontario showed asphalt temperatures above  20°C approximately 12% more often than the adjacent permeable pavers [https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2013/03/PP_FactsheetSept2011-compressed.pdf/ (TRCA, 2008)].  

*''Urban Heat Island Effect Reduction:'' Porous materials have less thermal conductivity and thermal capacity than traditional impervious pavement, thereby reducing the urban heat island effect <ref name="example3">Ferguson, B.K. 2005. Porous Pavements. Integrative Studies in Water Management and Land Development. Taylor and Francis: New York.</ref>.  Year round measurements of asphalt and PICP surface temperatures in King City, Ontario showed asphalt temperatures above  20°C approximately 12% more often than the adjacent permeable pavers [https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2013/03/PP_FactsheetSept2011-compressed.pdf/ (TRCA, 2008)].  

*''Improved Street Tree Health:''  Permeable pavements installed around tree planting zones in hardscapes help provide air and water to root systems, thereby contributing to healthier, longer lasting trees that require less manual irrigation.

*''Improved Street Tree Health:''  Permeable pavements installed around tree planting zones in hardscapes help provide air and water to root systems, thereby contributing to healthier, longer lasting trees that require less manual irrigation.

*''Quiet Streets:'' Porous asphalt surfaces absorb sound energy and dissipate air pressure around tires before any noise is generated. Tire noise is lower in loudness and pitch for a porous surface than a corresponding dense pavement <ref name="example3" />.  Segmented pavers do not share this benefit and are generally noisier than asphalt roads.

*''Quiet Streets:'' Porous asphalt surfaces absorb sound energy and dissipate air pressure around tires before any noise is generated. Tire noise is lower in loudness and pitch for a porous surface than a corresponding dense pavement <ref name="example3" />.  Segmented pavers do not share this benefit and are generally noisier than asphalt roads.

*LEED Credits: Permeable pavement has the potential for earning Canadian Green Building Council LEED sustainable sites credits for reducing stormwater pollution and runoff, urban heat island mitigation, and conservation of materials and resources.

*LEED Credits: Permeable pavement has the potential for earning Canadian Green Building Council LEED sustainable sites credits for reducing stormwater pollution and runoff, urban heat island mitigation, and conservation of materials and resources.

==Proprietary Links==

==Proprietary Links==

{{:Disclaimer}}

{{:Disclaimer}}