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Line 286: + + − ===Inlets=== − Multiple methods for distribution and conveyance of runoff into the system are recommended for redundancy and conservative designs. − Combinations may be made of: − *tree well flow, − *catchbasins and distribution pipes, and − *direct infiltration from permeable paving. − See also [[Inlets]] and [[pretreatment]] − − ===Species selection=== − − For a detailed overview with in-depth information on species selection please visit our [[Plant lists]] wiki page and you can continue on to our further detailed tables showcasing how to develop planting plans that include selection of species for specific functions in several stormwater tree trenches and other LID practices. − − *[[Trees: List]] − *[[Shrubs: List]] − *[[Perennials: List]] − *[[Graminoids: List]] − − ===Planting pit sizing=== − [[Bioretention: Sizing]] Line 349:
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→Variations of Stormwater Tree Trenches
* [[Bioretention: Internal water storage|Internal water storage]] layer
* [[Bioretention: Internal water storage|Internal water storage]] layer
* Distribution and [[underdrain]] pipe access and clean-out features
* Distribution and [[underdrain]] pipe access and clean-out features
* Monitoring well screened within internal water storage layer
* [[Wells|Monitoring well]] screened within internal water storage layer
* Root barriers in locations where tree rooting is not desired
* Root barriers in locations where tree rooting is not desired
<imagemap>
<imagemap>
File:SWTT Low Perm Soil Cells Final.png|thumb|left|450px|'''Tree trench with soil cells on low permeability subsoil''' - This tree trench configuration possess low permeability soil ([[Soil groups]] C or D), along with a clean-out stand pipe for the underdrain, which is placed lower in the feature to allow water to infiltrate into the system and remove contaminants from the road/sidewalk before being taken up by the tree or transported out of the feature and back into the storm sewer system. It also includes soil cells or 'modular soil support systems'. Soil cells are an alternative to structural soil media and are used adjacent to tree pits to provide room for tree roots to spread out under paved surfaces surrounding the tree trench. The growing media in soil cells typically has higher organic content than structural soils and with a looser structure and higher nutrient content of the soil, these support systems provide the most favourable environment for healthy tree growth in the urban setting. <span style="color:red">'''''Note''': The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>
File:SWTT Low Perm Soil Cells Final.png|thumb|left|450px|'''Tree trench with soil cells on low permeability subsoil''' - This tree trench configuration possess low permeability soil ([[Soil groups]] C or D), along with a clean-out stand pipe for the underdrain, which is placed lower in the feature to allow water to infiltrate into the system and remove contaminants from the road/sidewalk before being taken up by the tree or transported out of the feature and back into the storm sewer system. It also includes soil cells or 'modular soil support systems'. <span style="color:red">'''''Note''': The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>
rect 951 3681 1591 3739 [[Soil groups|Uncompacted Subgrade Soil]]
rect 951 3681 1591 3739 [[Soil groups|Uncompacted Subgrade Soil]]
rect 1596 3684 1996 3737 [[Soil groups|Compacted Subgrade Soil]]
rect 1596 3684 1996 3737 [[Soil groups|Compacted Subgrade Soil]]
<imagemap>
<imagemap>
File:SWTT High Perm Soil Cells Final.png|thumb|right|450px|'''Tree trench with soil cells on high permeability subsoil''' - This tree trench configuration possess high permeability soil ([[Soil groups]] A or B), and as a result possesses a stand pipe/clean-out for the underdrain, which is placed higher in the feature as water will infiltrate through the system much quicker. This allows for further infiltration into the system into the underlying native soil below. Once water has percolated through the soil to the perforated underdrain it is then transported out of the feature and back into the storm sewer system. This configuration also includes a monitoring well to monitor water level in the feature below the aggregate line at the bottom of the feature. This feature also contains soil cells similar to the low permeability configuration. <span style="color:red">'''''Note''': The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>
File:SWTT High Perm Soil Cells Final.png|thumb|right|450px|'''Tree trench with soil cells on high permeability subsoil''' - This tree trench configuration possess high permeability soil ([[Soil groups]] A or B) and possesses a stand pipe/clean-out for the underdrain, which is placed higher in the feature to allow for further infiltration into underlying native soil below. This configuration also includes a monitoring well to monitor water level in the feature below the aggregate line at the bottom of the feature. It also contains soil cells similar to the low permeability configuration. <span style="color:red">'''''Note''': The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>
rect 1534 3458 1576 3737 [[Stormwater Tree Trenches|Water Storage Depth]]
rect 1534 3458 1576 3737 [[Stormwater Tree Trenches|Water Storage Depth]]
rect 951 3681 1591 3739 [[Soil groups|Uncompacted Subgrade Soil]]
rect 951 3681 1591 3739 [[Soil groups|Uncompacted Subgrade Soil]]
<imagemap>
<imagemap>
File:SWTT Struct Soil Med High Perm Final.png|thumb|center|450px|'''Tree Trench with structural soil medium on high permeability subsoil''' - This tree trench configuration possess high permeability soil, similar to the configuration, first on the left, but instead of soil cells this tree trench contains structural soil, which is an engineered medium that can be compacted to support sidewalks, while also creating extra space for suitable tree root growth under paved surfaces. This space allows the tree to mature unimpeded and cuts down on replacement costs for tree removal and maintenance costs of the surrounding sidewalk and road. Once water has percolated through the soil to the perforated underdrain it is then transported out of the feature and back into the storm sewer system. This configuration also includes a monitoring well to monitor water level in the feature below the aggregate line at the bottom of the feature. <span style="color:red">'''''Note''': The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>
File:SWTT Struct Soil Med High Perm Final.png|thumb|center|450px|'''Tree Trench with structural soil medium on high permeability subsoil''' - This tree trench configuration possess high permeability soil, but instead of soil cells this tree trench contains a structural soil medium. Once water has percolated through the soil to the perforated underdrain it is then transported out of the feature and back into the storm sewer system. This configuration also includes a monitoring well below the aggregate line at the bottom of the feature. <span style="color:red">'''''Note''': The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>
rect 1534 3458 1576 3737 [[Stormwater Tree Trenches|Water Storage Depth]]
rect 1534 3458 1576 3737 [[Stormwater Tree Trenches|Water Storage Depth]]
rect 951 3681 1591 3739 [[Soil groups|Uncompacted Subgrade Soil]]
rect 951 3681 1591 3739 [[Soil groups|Uncompacted Subgrade Soil]]
At right is a list of trees that are known to tolerate conditions in northern (Zone 3) urban stormwater tree trenches.
At right is a list of trees that are known to tolerate conditions in northern (Zone 3) urban stormwater tree trenches.
===Species selection===
For a detailed overview with in-depth information on species selection please visit our [[Plant lists]] wiki page and you can continue on to our further detailed tables showcasing how to develop planting plans that include selection of species for specific functions in several stormwater tree trenches and other LID practices.
*[[Trees: List]]
*[[Shrubs: List]]
*[[Perennials: List]]
*[[Graminoids: List]]
==Soil cells==
==Soil cells==
*If the system is unlined it is hydraulically equivalent to a [[bioretention]] cell and provides similar water quality benefits.
*If the system is unlined it is hydraulically equivalent to a [[bioretention]] cell and provides similar water quality benefits.
*If the system is lined and underdrained it is hydraulically similar to a large [[stormwater planter]]. Depending on the design detail it may retain significant stormwater within the planting soil volume and will provide water quality benefits.
*If the system is lined and underdrained it is hydraulically similar to a large [[stormwater planter]]. Depending on the design detail it may retain significant stormwater within the planting soil volume and will provide water quality benefits.
*Structures are designed to be filled with growing medium for tree rooting and support a vehicle loaded pavement up to and including AASHTO H-20 and Ontario Building Code standards for sidewalks.
*Critical to modular soil support system design is that each structure or layer of structures be independent of all adjacent ones, such that one or multiple layers can be removed to facilitate future utility installation or repair.
[[File:DepressedDrain_SoilCell.png|thumb|500px|A surface [[inlets|inlet]] configuration featuring a depressed drain routing water collected from the street to an enclosed area infiltrating water to soil cells underneath.]]
[[File:DepressedDrain_SoilCell.png|thumb|500px|A surface [[inlets|inlet]] configuration featuring a depressed drain routing water collected from the street to an enclosed area infiltrating water to soil cells underneath.]]
===Underdrain===
===Underdrain===
==Galleries==
==Galleries==
===Open tree pits===
===Open tree pits===
{{:Extended tree pits: Gallery}}
{{:Extended tree pits: Gallery}}
*[https://www.storm-tree.com Storm-Tree]
*[https://www.storm-tree.com Storm-Tree]
==References==
Also see references as direct web page links above.
[[Category:Green infrastructure]]
[[Category:Green infrastructure]]