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→Erosion and LID
==Erosion and LID==
==Erosion and LID==
[[File:Stepped cells.png|700px|thumb|Stepped [[Swales|bioswales]] that incorporate strategic rock and vegetation placement can help decrease the volume and speed of runoff, providing erosion control.]]
[[File:Stepped cells.png|550px|thumb|Stepped [[Swales|bioswales]] that incorporate strategic rock and vegetation placement can help decrease the volume and speed of runoff, providing erosion control.]]
The potential for soil erosion is influenced by several factors, including rainfall patterns, [[Climate change|climate]], [[Soil groups| soil type]], topography, and ground cover. LID can help to minimize conditions that lead to erosion by:
The potential for soil erosion is influenced by several factors, including rainfall patterns, [[Climate change|climate]], [[Soil groups| soil type]], topography, and ground cover.
*'''Reducing runoff volume''': Practices like [[Infiltration trenches|infiltration trenches]] and [[Permeable pavements|permeable pavements]] allow water to soak into the ground, reducing runoff volume. LID practices also often promote evaporation and [[Evapotranspiration|evapotranspiration]] .
{{textbox|LID can help to minimize conditions that lead to erosion by:
*'''Reducing runoff volume''': Practices like [[Infiltration trenches|infiltration trenches]] and [[Permeable pavements|permeable pavements]] allow water to soak into the ground, reducing runoff volume. LID practices also often promote evaporation and [[Evapotranspiration|evapotranspiration]].
*'''Reducing runoff speed''': LID features like [[Swales| vegetated swales]] help slow the speed of water by increasing [[Flow in a swale|surface roughness]]. This reduces the velocity of runoff that would otherwise erode soil surfaces.
*'''Reducing runoff speed''': LID features like [[Swales| vegetated swales]] help slow the speed of water by increasing [[Flow in a swale|surface roughness]]. This reduces the velocity of runoff that would otherwise erode soil surfaces.
*'''Stabilizing soils''': [[Plant lists|Vegetated]] components (e.g., [[Vegetated filter strips|filter strips]]) anchor the soil with plant roots, protecting surfaces from erosion.
*'''Stabilizing soils''': [[Plant lists|Vegetated]] components (e.g., [[Vegetated filter strips|filter strips]]) anchor the soil with plant roots, protecting surfaces from erosion.
*'''Applying [[Erosion and Sediment Control]] during construction''': Slowing runoff, trapping sediment, and protecting exposed soils reduces the amount of sediment released during construction. It is especially important to apply erosion and sediment controls during LID construction, since sediment build-up in infiltration-based LID BMPs can result in malfunction or failure (MECP, 2021)<ref>Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks. 2022. Low Impact Development Stormwater
*'''Applying [[Erosion and Sediment Control]] during construction''': Slowing runoff, trapping sediment, and protecting exposed soils reduces the amount of sediment released during construction. It is especially important to apply erosion and sediment controls during LID construction, since sediment build-up in infiltration-based LID BMPs can result in malfunction or failure (MECP, 2021)<ref>Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks. 2022. Low Impact Development Stormwater
Management Guidance Manual. Chapter 7. https://prod-environmental-registry.s3.amazonaws.com/2022-01/Draft%20LID%20Stormwater%20Management%20Guidance%20Manual%202022.pdf</ref>.
Management Guidance Manual. Chapter 7. https://prod-environmental-registry.s3.amazonaws.com/2022-01/Draft%20LID%20Stormwater%20Management%20Guidance%20Manual%202022.pdf</ref>.
*'''Controlling flow paths''': Controlling the path of water helps to prevent the formation of concentrated flow paths that can intensify erosion, such as rills or gullies. <br>
*'''Controlling flow paths''': Controlling the path of water helps to prevent the formation of concentrated flow paths that can intensify erosion, such as rills or gullies.}} <br>
The map below highlights areas in Newmarket, Ontario with low, medium, and high stormwater runoff rates based on land use. The red areas, which have the highest runoff rates, are locations where erosion is also likely to be more severe. These zones should be prioritized for future [[LID opportunities at municipal facilities|LID projects]] to reduce [[Runoff volume control targets|runoff volume]] and limit erosion.
The map below highlights areas in Newmarket, Ontario with low, medium, and high stormwater runoff rates based on land use. The red areas, which have the highest runoff rates, are locations where erosion is also likely to be more severe. These zones should be prioritized for future [[LID opportunities at municipal facilities|LID projects]] to reduce [[Runoff volume control targets|runoff volume]] and limit erosion.