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→Additional site opportunities
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Image:Stormwater planter.png|thumb|700 px|This is an image map of a stormwater planter, clicking on components will load the appropriate article.
Image:Stormwater planter.png|thumb|700 px|This is an image map of a stormwater planter, clicking on components will load the appropriate article.
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[[File:Stormwater planter pu.png|thumb|An above ground planter with downspout and overflow illustrated.]]
[[File:Stormwater planter pu.png|thumb|An above ground planter with downspout and overflow illustrated.]]
Over subsurface infrastructure, soils prone to subsidence, or pollution hotspots, it may be necessary to prevent all [[infiltration]]. These BMPs can also be squeezed into tight urban spaces, adjacent to buildings and within the usual setbacks required for infiltrating facilities. Stormwater planters can also be used as a means of providing building-integrated LID by capturing a portion of the rainwater from the rooftop.
Over subsurface infrastructure, soils prone to subsidence, or pollution hotspots, it may be necessary to prevent all [[infiltration]]. These BMPs can also be squeezed into tight urban spaces, adjacent to buildings and within the usual setbacks required for infiltrating facilities. Stormwater planters can also be used as a means of providing building-integrated LID by capturing a portion of the rainwater from the rooftop.
This type of cell can be constructed above grade in any waterproof and structurally sound container, e.g. in cast concrete or a metal tank.
This type of cell can be constructed above grade in any waterproof and structurally sound container, e.g. in cast concrete or a metal tank.
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==Overview==
==Overview==
{{textbox|Stormwater planters are an ideal technology for:
{{textbox|Stormwater planters are an ideal technology for:
'''The design may benefit from:'''
'''The design may benefit from:'''
*A [[level spreaders| level spreader]]
*A [[level spreaders| level spreader]]
==Planning Considerations==
==Planning Considerations==
Stormwater planters may be integrated into the landscape similarly to bioretention practices. See [[Bioretention#Planning considerations|bioretention planning]].
===Additional site opportunities===
As they do not require connection to the earth for infiltration purposes, stormwater planters can also be used in elevated locations. They are sometimes used in retrofit applications on otherwise impermeable surface, as raised beds or planters surrounding buildings. They can be employed to capture [[downspout disconnection]] or even upon terraces or vertical surfaces of buildings.
==Design==
==Design==
===Underdrain===
===Underdrain===
Stormwater planters differ fundamentally from [[bioretention]] in that the storage function is provided only by the [[water retention capacity]] of the [[filter media]]. As such there is no storage reservoir and the only purpose to the aggregate layer is to drain water to the [[perforated pipe]]. For this, a medium aggregate as described in [[choker layer]] is recommended as it negates the need for a separating layer to the filter media.
Stormwater planters differ from full and/or partial infiltration [[bioretention]] practices in that the storage function is provided only by the [[water retention capacity]] of the [[filter media]]. As such, there is no storage reservoir and the only purpose to the aggregate layer is to drain water to the perforated [[pipe]]. For this, a medium aggregate as described in [[choker layer]] is recommended as it negates the need for a separating layer to the filter media. Design details can be found here [[Underdrains#Underdrains for non-exfiltrating practices|Underdrains]] for non-exfiltrationg practices.
[[Underdrains#Underdrains for non-exfiltrating practices|Underdrain]]
===Planting===
===Planting===
Stormwater planters routinely capture only rainwater flowing from adjacent rooftops. This means that [[salt]] may be less of a concern than in [[Bioretention: Parking lots]] or [[Bioretention: Streetscapes]].
*Planters must be designed in a way that insulates the soil through freezing temperatures, or plant species that can survive the winter season in raised planters must be used.
The [[plant lists]] are still a good place to start when selecting species for LID in Ontario.
*Stormwater planters routinely capture only rainwater flowing from adjacent rooftops. This means that [[salt]] may be less of a concern than in [[Bioretention: Parking lots]] or [[Bioretention: Streetscapes]].
*The [[plant lists]] are still a good place to start when selecting species for LID in Ontario.
*A more formal aesthetic for the planting design is appropriate for the urban hardscape setting.
===Liners===
===Liners===
==Performance==
==Performance==
{{:lit review}}
{{:lit review}}
Water quality <ref>Macnamara, J.; Derry, C. Pollution Removal Performance of Laboratory Simulations of Sydney’s Street Stormwater Biofilters. Water 2017, 9, 907.;doi:10.3390/w9110907</ref>
===Hydrology===
<ref>Davis, Allen P., Robert G. Traver, William F. Hunt, Ryan Lee, Robert A. Brown, and Jennifer M. Olszewski. “Hydrologic Performance of Bioretention Storm-Water Control Measures.” Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 17, no. 5 (May 2012): 604–14. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000467.</ref>
<ref>Yeakley, J.A., and K.K. Norton. “Performance Assessment of Three Types of Rainwater Detention Structures for an Urban Development in Wilsonville, Oregon, USA,” 70. Portland, 2009.</ref>
===Water quality===
<ref>Macnamara, J.; Derry, C. Pollution Removal Performance of Laboratory Simulations of Sydney’s Street Stormwater Biofilters. Water 2017, 9, 907.;doi:10.3390/w9110907</ref>
<ref>Lucke, T., & Nichols, P. W. B. (2015). The pollution removal and stormwater reduction performance of street-side bioretention basins after ten years in operation. Science of The Total Environment, 536, 784–792. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2015.07.142</ref>
<ref>Lucke, T., & Nichols, P. W. B. (2015). The pollution removal and stormwater reduction performance of street-side bioretention basins after ten years in operation. Science of The Total Environment, 536, 784–792. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2015.07.142</ref>
<ref>Macnamara, J.; Derry, C. Pollution Removal Performance of Laboratory Simulations of Sydney’s Street Stormwater Biofilters. Water 2017, 9, 907. doi:10.3390/w9110907</ref>
<ref>Macnamara, J.; Derry, C. Pollution Removal Performance of Laboratory Simulations of Sydney’s Street Stormwater Biofilters. Water 2017, 9, 907. doi:10.3390/w9110907</ref>