Changes

rect 1023 3114 1113 3189 [[Reservoir aggregate|Clear Stone / Aggregate]]

rect 1023 3114 1113 3189 [[Reservoir aggregate|Clear Stone / Aggregate]]

rect 1170 3116 1388 3191 [[Reservoir aggregate|Clear Stone / Aggregate]]

rect 1170 3116 1388 3191 [[Reservoir aggregate|Clear Stone / Aggregate]]

rect 825 3238 1439 3279 [[Soil groups|Compacted Native Soil]]

rect 825 3238 1439 3279 [[Soil groups|Compacted Subgrade Soil]]

rect 825 2867 862 3238 [[Liner|Impermeable Liner]]

rect 825 2867 862 3238 [[Liner|Impermeable Liner]]

rect 862 3191 1437 3242 [[Liner|Impermeable Liner]]

rect 862 3191 1437 3242 [[Liner|Impermeable Liner]]

*Zero-lot-line developments such as condos or dense urban infill.}}

*Zero-lot-line developments such as condos or dense urban infill.}}

Take a look at the downloadable Bioretention Factsheet below for a .pdf overview of this LID Best Management Practice:

Take a look at the downloadable Bioretention Fact Sheet below for a .pdf overview of this LID Best Management Practice:

{{Clickable button|[[File:Bioretention.png|125 px|link=https://wiki.sustainabletechnologies.ca/images/5/5a/LID_poster_-_bioretention_-_vfinal2.pdf]]}}

{{Clickable button|[[File:Bioretention.png|125 px|link=https://wiki.sustainabletechnologies.ca/images/5/5a/LID_poster_-_bioretention_-_vfinal2.pdf]]}}

*decorative aggregate or [[stone]],

*decorative aggregate or [[stone]],

*An [[underdrain]],

*An [[underdrain]],

*An impermeable [[liner]]

*An impermeable [[liner]] or container

'''The design may benefit from:'''

'''The design may benefit from:'''

*A [[level spreaders| level spreader]]

*A [[level spreaders| level spreader]]

==Planning Considerations==

==Planning Considerations==

Stormwater planters may be integrated into the landscape similarly to bioretention practices. See [[Bioretention#Planning considerations|bioretention planning]].

Stormwater planters may be integrated into the landscape similarly to bioretention practices. Concrete curbs or vertical-walled planter structures are common features of stormwater planter facilities.  Through a study comparing the environmental impacts of bioretention systems of various design and construction material configurations, Sagrelius et al. (2022) noted that systems featuring large concrete structures (e.g., stormwater planters) incur higher environmental impacts than "soft-edged" bioretention cells when transportation-related factors associated with material production and delivery are considered. <ref>Sagrelius, P.O., Blecken, G., Hedstrom, A., Ashley, R. 2022. Environmental impacts of stormwater bioretention systems with various design and construction components. Journal of Cleaner Production. 359 (2022) 132091. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652622016973?via%3Dihub </ref>  See [[Bioretention#Planning considerations|bioretention planning]].

===Additional site opportunities===

===Additional site opportunities===

As they do not require connection to the earth for infiltration purposes, stormwater planters can also be used in elevated locations. They are sometimes used in retrofit applications on otherwise impermeable surface, as raised beds or planters surrounding buildings. They can be employed to capture runoff from [[downspout disconnection| roof drains or downspouts]] or even upon terraces or vertical surfaces of buildings.

As they do not require connection to the earth for infiltration purposes, stormwater planters can also be used in elevated locations. They are sometimes used in retrofit applications on otherwise impermeable surface, as raised beds or planters surrounding buildings. They can be employed to capture runoff from [[downspout disconnection| roof drains or downspouts]] or even upon terraces or vertical surfaces of buildings.

 

For a table summarizing information on planning considerations and site constraints see [[Site considerations]].

==Design==

==Design==

===Underdrain===

===Underdrain===

Stormwater planters differ from full and/or partial infiltration [[bioretention]] practices in that the storage function is provided only by the [[water retention capacity]] of the [[filter media]]. As such, there is no storage reservoir and the only purpose to the aggregate layer is to drain water to the perforated [[pipe]]. For this, a medium aggregate as described in [[choker layer]] is recommended as it negates the need for a separating layer to the filter media. Design details can be found here  [[Underdrains#Underdrains for non-exfiltrating practices|Underdrains]] for non-exfiltrationg practices.

Stormwater planters differ from full and/or partial infiltration [[bioretention]] practices in that the storage function is provided only by the [[Bioretention media storage|water retention capacity]] of the [[filter media]]. As such, there is no storage reservoir and the only purpose to the aggregate layer is to drain water to the perforated [[pipe]]. For this, a medium aggregate as described in [[choker layer]] is recommended as it negates the need for a separating layer to the filter media. Design details can be found here  [[Underdrains#Underdrains for non-exfiltrating practices|Underdrains]] for non-exfiltrationg practices.

===Planting===

===Planting===

<imagemap>

<imagemap>

Image:Stormwater Planter Updated.png|thumb|450 px|Stormwater planter with impermeable membrane liner receiving roof and sidewalk runoff via trench drain.  <span style="color:red">''A note: The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>

file:Stormwater Planter Updated compacted.png|thumb|450 px|Stormwater planter with impermeable membrane liner receiving roof and sidewalk runoff via trench drain.  <span style="color:red">''A note: The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>

rect 705 411 1013 1092 [[Shrubs: List|Shrubs]]

rect 705 411 1013 1092 [[Shrubs: List|Shrubs]]

rect 753 2109 1028 2562 [[Shrubs: List|Shrubs]]

rect 753 2109 1028 2562 [[Shrubs: List|Shrubs]]

rect 465 363 694 1149 [[Perennials: List| Perennials]]

rect 465 363 694 1149 [[Perennials: List| Perennials]]

rect 450 408 373 339 [[Overflow]]

rect 450 408 373 339 [[Overflow]]

rect 1015 862 1049 1139 [[Mulch]]

rect 467 2740 985 2798 [[Mulch]]

rect 284 2566 1142 2622 [[Mulch]]

rect 1053 870 1161 1146 [[Forebays]]

rect 1053 870 1161 1146 [[Forebays]]

rect 692 2881 761 2952 [[Underdrain]]

rect 705 3059 774 3126 [[Underdrain]]

rect 699 2416 752 2883 [[Overflow]]

rect 699 2416 752 2883 [[Overflow]]

rect 266 2329 448 2566 [[Graminoids:_List| Grasses]]

rect 266 2329 448 2566 [[Graminoids:_List| Grasses]]

rect 400 2183 703 2566 [[Perennials: List| Perennials]]

rect 400 2183 703 2566 [[Perennials: List| Perennials]]

rect 1035 2376 1104 2571 [[Graminoids:_List| Grasses]]

rect 1035 2376 1104 2571 [[Graminoids:_List| Grasses]]

rect 281 2622 1143 2876 [[Biomedia|Filter Media]]

rect 291 2798 1155 3059 [[Biomedia|Filter Media]]

rect 473 2878 953 2929 [[Choker layer|Choker Layer]]

poly 344 3056 742 3130 1101 3057 [[Choker layer|Choker Layer]]

poly 602 2925 290 2876 261 2557 264 2887 735 2977 1151 2889 1145 2869 849 2928 728 2952 [[Liner]]

poly 290 2740 270 2736 275 3065 745 3154 1177 3068 1174 2741 1155 2740 1155 3050 740 3130 290 3046 [[Liner]]

rect 1140 2557 1165 2887 [[Liner]]

rect 99 3052 184 3141 [[Overflow|Outlet Distribution Pipe to Storm Sewer]]

rect 1252 1140 1929 1218 [[Trench drains: Gallery|Trench drains]]

rect 79 859 222 982 [[Overflow|Catch basin]]

 

</imagemap>

</imagemap>

Over underground infrastructure, soils prone to subsidence, or on sites considered to be pollution hot spots, it may be necessary to prevent all [[infiltration]]. Stormwater planters are "filtration-only" BMPs, similar to bioretention cells, that can be squeezed into tight urban spaces, adjacent to buildings and within the usual setbacks required for infiltrating facilities. Stormwater planters can also be used as a means of providing building-integrated LID by capturing a portion of the rainwater from the rooftop.  

Over underground infrastructure, soils prone to subsidence, or on sites considered to be pollution hot spots, it may be necessary to prevent all [[infiltration]]. Stormwater planters are "filtration-only" BMPs, similar to bioretention cells, that can be squeezed into tight urban spaces, adjacent to buildings and within the usual setbacks required for infiltrating facilities. Stormwater planters can also be used as a means of providing building-integrated LID by capturing a portion of the rainwater from the rooftop.  

This type of cell can be constructed above grade in any waterproof and structurally sound container, e.g. in cast concrete or a metal tank.

This type of cell can be constructed above grade in any waterproof and structurally sound container, e.g. in cast concrete or a metal tank.

===Liners===

===Liners===

{{:Liner}}

{{:Liner}}

==Filter bed surface==

===Filter bed surface===

As stormwater planters are often quite small and receive very rapid flow, both a [[level spreader]] and the use of mulch and stone to dissipate energy from concentrated inflow are strongly recommended.

As stormwater planters are often quite small and receive very rapid flow, both a [[level spreader]] and the use of mulch and stone to dissipate energy from concentrated inflow are strongly recommended.

==Gallery==

==Gallery==

{{:Disclaimer}}

{{:Disclaimer}}

*[http://www.conteches.com/Products/Stormwater-Management/Biofiltration-Bioretention/Filterra Filterra]

*[http://www.conteches.com/Products/Stormwater-Management/Biofiltration-Bioretention/Filterra Filterra]