Changes

==Guidelines==

==Guidelines==

[[File:Temporal changes (5-yr median) 1966 - 2022.jpg|thumb|600px|Temporal changes in 5-year median chloride concentration (1966-2020). All stations had higher median chloride concentrations in 2016-2020 compared to the last time 5-year median concentrations were culminated into a report (2011-2015) and the difference in concentration between time periods appeared to be greater for stations with higher chloride concentrations. The reasons behind this pattern are unknown and warrant further investigation, but median concentrations are above the chronic level of 120 mg/L in all of the more urbanized watersheds, south towards Lake Ontario (TRCA, 2021).<ref name="example2">TRCA. 2021. Spatial Patterns (2016-2020) and Temporal Trends (1966-2020) in Stream Water Quality across TRCA’s Jurisdiction. Prepared by Watershed Planning and Ecosystem Science. October, 2021. https://trcaca.s3.ca-central 1.amazonaws.com/app/uploads/2021/10/29113334/2016-2020-SWQ-Report-v11_FINAL_AODA-FA.pdf</ref>]]  

[[File:Temporal changes (5-yr median) 1966 - 2022.jpg|thumb|600px|Temporal changes in 5-year median chloride concentration (1966-2020). All stations had higher median chloride concentrations in 2016-2020 compared to the last time 5-year median concentrations were culminated into a report (2011-2015) and the difference in concentration between time periods appeared to be greater for stations with higher chloride concentrations. The reasons behind this pattern are unknown and warrant further investigation, but median concentrations are above the chronic level of 120 mg/L in all of the more urbanized watersheds, south towards Lake Ontario (TRCA, 2021).<ref name="example2">TRCA. 2021. Spatial Patterns (2016-2020) and Temporal Trends (1966-2020) in Stream Water Quality across TRCA’s Jurisdiction. Prepared by Watershed Planning and Ecosystem Science. October, 2021. https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2021/10/2016-2020-SWQ-Report-v11_FINAL_AODA-FA.pdf</ref>]]  

[[File:Avg. chloride conc 2016 - 2020.jpg|thumb|600px|Average chloride concentration between 2016 - 2020 from collected grab samples. Most stations in the Southeastern part of TRCA's watershed within the Etobicoke, Mimico Creeks and the Humber River had much higher than the CWQG acute level of chloride (640mg/L), some at more than ~3 times this concentration (TRCA, 2021).<ref name="example2" />.]]  

[[File:Avg. chloride conc 2016 - 2020.jpg|thumb|600px|Average chloride concentration between 2016 - 2020 from collected grab samples. Most stations in the Southeastern part of TRCA's watershed within the Etobicoke, Mimico Creeks and the Humber River had much higher than the CWQG acute level of chloride (640mg/L), some at more than ~3 times this concentration (TRCA, 2021).<ref name="example2" />.]]  

*[https://pub-peelregion.escribemeetings.com/filestream.ashx?DocumentId=9868 Using Liquids to Reduce Winter salt Use on Commercial Parking Lots]<ref>: Murison, L., Oswald, C., Gillion, E., and International Landscaping Inc. 2022. Salt Management - Partnership and Outreach Update. https://pub-peelregion.escribemeetings.com/filestream.ashx?DocumentId=9868.</ref>

*[https://pub-peelregion.escribemeetings.com/filestream.ashx?DocumentId=9868 Using Liquids to Reduce Winter salt Use on Commercial Parking Lots]<ref>: Murison, L., Oswald, C., Gillion, E., and International Landscaping Inc. 2022. Salt Management - Partnership and Outreach Update. https://pub-peelregion.escribemeetings.com/filestream.ashx?DocumentId=9868.</ref>

**This ongoing study is being conducted by Peel Regio and LSRCA staff, along with contractor International Landscaping Inc. to evaluate the feasibility and environmental benefits (specifically, the reduction of chloride (Cl) entering the environment) of using liquid anti-icing with NaCl brine (with and without beet juice additive) on commercial parking lots. Updated reports and findings will be posted here once published

**This ongoing study is being conducted by Peel Region and LSRCA staff, along with contractor International Landscaping Inc. to evaluate the feasibility and environmental benefits (specifically, the reduction of chloride (Cl) entering the environment) of using liquid anti-icing with NaCl brine (with and without beet juice additive) on commercial parking lots. Updated reports and findings will be posted here once published

*[https://www.regionofwaterloo.ca/en/living-here/resources/Documents/water/was-protect_closed_sign_program.PDF Closing Areas to Reduce Salt Use and Winter Maintenance Costs]<ref>Region of Waterloo. 2020. Salt reduction partnership. Region of Waterloo, Water Services. https://www.regionofwaterloo.ca/en/living-here/resources/Documents/water/was-protect_closed_sign_program.PDF</ref>

*[https://www.regionofwaterloo.ca/en/living-here/resources/Documents/water/was-protect_closed_sign_program.PDF Closing Areas to Reduce Salt Use and Winter Maintenance Costs]<ref>Region of Waterloo. 2020. Salt reduction partnership. Region of Waterloo, Water Services. https://www.regionofwaterloo.ca/en/living-here/resources/Documents/water/was-protect_closed_sign_program.PDF</ref>

*[http://www.prismalight.com/client/row_swim_2023/-1_SWiM_Public_Cut_Nov10_2023-1920x1080_10K.mp4 Region of Waterloo Winter Maintenance & Salt Management (Public & Homeowners) Video]<ref>Region of Waterloo. 2022. Snow and Ice Clearing Tips for Homeowners. Water and Wastewater/Salt Management. https://www.regionofwaterloo.ca/en/living-here/snow-and-ice-clearing-tips-for-homeowners.aspx</ref>

*[http://www.prismalight.com/client/row_swim_2023/-1_SWiM_Public_Cut_Nov10_2023-1920x1080_10K.mp4 Region of Waterloo Winter Maintenance & Salt Management (Public & Homeowners) Video]<ref>Region of Waterloo. 2022. Snow and Ice Clearing Tips for Homeowners. Water and Wastewater/Salt Management. https://www.regionofwaterloo.ca/en/living-here/snow-and-ice-clearing-tips-for-homeowners.aspx</ref>

** A 7 min. video aimed at the general public to bring awareness to the issues of over salting and increasingly high levels of chloride entering our natural water systems. The video discusses best management practices that the  Regio of Waterloo is taking in conjunction with private companies in both Canada and the U.S on a novel innovative program known as [https://witadvisers.com/swim/ Sustainable Winter Management (SWiM®)] that highlights new methods for contractors to implement new products and technologies that greatly reduce overall salt use in the Region.

** A 7 min. video aimed at the general public to bring awareness to the issues of over salting and increasingly high levels of chloride entering our natural water systems. The video discusses best management practices that the  Region of Waterloo is taking in conjunction with private companies in both Canada and the U.S on a novel innovative program known as [https://witadvisers.com/swim/ Sustainable Winter Management (SWiM®)] that highlights new methods for contractors to implement new products and technologies that greatly reduce overall salt use in the Region.

*[https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2016/01/Salt-brochures-v11.pdf Salt Application Verified Equipment (SAVE) Program: Managing Risk While Saving Money]<ref>STEP. 2016. Salt Application Verified Equipment Program: Managing Risk While Saving Money. Brief. https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2016/01/Salt-brochures-v11.pdf</ref>

*[https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2016/01/Salt-brochures-v11.pdf Salt Application Verified Equipment (SAVE) Program: Managing Risk While Saving Money]<ref>STEP. 2016. Salt Application Verified Equipment Program: Managing Risk While Saving Money. Brief. https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2016/01/Salt-brochures-v11.pdf</ref>