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Line 12: − |End Use Tier||Example uses||Viruses||Bacteria||Protazoa||Viruses||Bacteria||Protazoa+ + − |1||Sub-surface irrigation (drip/bubbler)<br>Spray irrigation (restricted access) <br>Fire suppression <br>Ice rinks||0||0||0||0||0||0+ + + + + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − <tr><td rowspan="2">2</td><td>Toilet and urinal flushing <br> Clothes Washing <br> Rooftop cooling</td><td>0</td><td>99%</td><td>99%</td><td>99.99%</td><td>99.99%+ − </td><td>99.9%</td> − <tr><td>HVAC systems</td><td colspan=6 style="text-align: center;">In accordance with [https://www.ashrae.org/resources--publications/bookstore/ansi-ashrae-standard-188-2015-legionellosis-risk-management-for-building-water-systems ASHRAE 188] </td></tr> − <tr><td>3</td><td style="text-align: left">Hose bibbs <br>Pressure washing <br>Vehicle washing <br>Spray irrigation (non-restricted) <br>Decorative fountains </td><td>0</td> − <td>99.9%</td><td>99.9%</td><td>99.99%</td><td>99.99%</td><td>99.99%</td></tr> − <tr><td>4</td><td style="text-align: left"> Human consumption <br>Oral care <br>Food preparation <br>Dish-washing <br>Bathing, showering, and hand washing <br>Pool/hot − tubs/spas/splash pads <br>Misting stations <br>Swamp coolers </td><td>0</td><td>99.999%</td><td>99.999%</td><td colspan=3 style="text-align: center;">Outside of the scope of − the CSA standard</td></tr> − </table> − − <h5>Source Water Quality </h5> − <p> A study of many types of roof surfaces in Texas found: − <ul> − <li>'Cool' membrane, concrete tile, and metal roofs all produced water of similar good quality for non-potable use, </li> − <li>The runoff water from asphalt shingle and green roofs contained significantly more dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The DOC can add a yellow colour to the water. If the water is treated with chlorine, for drinking purposes, DOC can produce toxic compounds[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135410008535]. </li> − </ul></p> − <p> Research in Hamilton, ON assessed the water quality of rain collected from three highly reflective 'cool roof' membranes[http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/70/7/1205?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Water_Science_and_Technology_TrendMD_0]. Key findings: − <ul><li>The water was free from significant contamination with by-products of plastic manufacture and did not show elevated levels of the five metals tested. </li> − <li>Increased microbiological contamination was found in runoff from roof areas where ponding occurred.</li> − </ul> − </p> − <p>Increased microbiological contamination in roof runoff is also associated with warmer weather[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135411002181].</p>
no edit summary
*<strong>Micro- or Ultra- filtration</strong> uses such fine membranes that the vast majority of harmful viruses, bacteria etc. are excluded from the water directly.
*<strong>Micro- or Ultra- filtration</strong> uses such fine membranes that the vast majority of harmful viruses, bacteria etc. are excluded from the water directly.
All three water purification technologies require specialist design and consultation with a subject matter expert is recommended for higher tiers of water use.
All three water purification technologies require specialist design and consultation with a subject matter expert is recommended for higher tiers of water use.
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
|+ Water quality treatment required for multi-residential and commercial applications (Abridged from [https://www.iccsafe.org/wp-content/uploads/110116-Draft-CSA_ICC-B805-Rainwater-Harvesting.pdf CSA B805 draft])
|+ Water quality treatment required for multi-residential and commercial applications (Abridged from [https://www.iccsafe.org/wp-content/uploads/110116-Draft-CSA_ICC-B805-Rainwater-Harvesting.pdf CSA B805 draft])
!colspan="3" style="background: darkcyan; color: white"|Stormwater pathogen reduction
!colspan="3" style="background: darkcyan; color: white"|Stormwater pathogen reduction
|-
|-
!End Use Tier
|Example uses||Viruses||Bacteria||Protazoa||Viruses||Bacteria||Protazoa
|-
|-
!1
|{{plainlist|
*Sub-surface irrigation (drip/bubbler)
*Spray irrigation (restricted access)
*Fire suppression
*Ice rinks}}
|0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|-
|2||Toilet and urinal flushing <br> Clothes Washing <br> Rooftop cooling||0||99%||99%||99.99%||99.99%||99.9%
!rowspan= "2"|2
|{{Plainlist|
*Toilet and urinal flushing
*Clothes Washing
*Rooftop cooling}}
|0||99%||99%||99.99%||99.99%||99.9%
|-
|HVAC systems
|colspan=6 style="text-align: center;"|In accordance with [https://www.ashrae.org/resources--publications/bookstore/ansi-ashrae-standard-188-2015-legionellosis-risk-management-for-building-water-systems ASHRAE 188]
|-
!3
|{{plainlist|
*Hose bibbs
*Pressure washing
*Vehicle washing
*Spray irrigation (non-restricted)
*Decorative fountains}}
|99.9%||99.9%||99.9%||99.99%||99.99%||99.99%
|-
!4
|{{plainlist|
*Human consumption
*Oral care
*Food preparation
*Dish-washing
*Bathing, showering, and hand washing
*Pool/hot tubs/spas/splash pads
*Misting stations
*Swamp coolers}}
|0||99.999%||99.999%||colspan = "3" style="text-align: center;"|Outside of the scope of the CSA standard
|}
|}
===Source Water Quality===
A study of many types of roof surfaces in Texas found:
*'Cool' membrane, concrete tile, and metal roofs all produced water of similar good quality for non-potable use,
*The runoff water from asphalt shingle and green roofs contained significantly more dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The DOC can add a yellow colour to the water. If the water is treated with chlorine, for drinking purposes, DOC can produce toxic compounds<ref>Mendez CB, Klenzendorf JB, Afshar BR, et al. The effect of roofing material on the quality of harvested rainwater. Water Res. 2011;45(5):2049-2059. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.12.015.</ref>.
Research in Hamilton, ON assessed the water quality of rain collected from three highly reflective 'cool roof' membranes<ref>Cupido, A., B. Baetz, Y. Guo, and A. Robertson. 2012. An evaluation of rainwater runoff quality from selected white roof membranes. doi: 10.2166/wqrjc.2012.011.</ref>. Key findings:
*The water was free from significant contamination with by-products of plastic manufacture and did not show elevated levels of the five metals tested.
*Increased microbiological contamination was found in runoff from roof areas where ponding occurred.
Note: Increased microbiological contamination in roof runoff is also associated with warmer weather <ref>Vialle C, Sablayrolles C, Lovera M, Jacob S, Huau MC, Montrejaud-Vignoles M. Monitoring of water quality from roof runoff: Interpretation using multivariate analysis. Water Res. 2011;45(12):3765-3775. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2011.04.029.</ref>.
==References==