Changes

[[File: Altonraingarden2_kb.jpg|thumb|Rain garden on residential lot in Alton, ON.]]

[[File: Altonraingarden2_kb.jpg|thumb|500px|Rain garden on residential lot in Alton, ON.]]

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Whatever the choice of style, it is essential that the surrounding context is taken into account.  While a planting design can have a natural appearance, the landscape should never appear haphazard or messy. The aesthetic goal is to achieve a visual sense of fit and scale with the site.  The design should be intentional, appropriate and pleasing to the eye and consider the following:

Whatever the choice of style, it is essential that the surrounding context is taken into account.  While a planting design can have a natural appearance, the landscape should never appear haphazard or messy. The aesthetic goal is to achieve a visual sense of fit and scale with the site.  The design should be intentional, appropriate and pleasing to the eye and consider the following:

===Colour===

===Colour===

Colour animates a landscape design. It is affected by light at different times of the day and changes throughout the seasons. Flowers, fruit, leaves or bark of vegetation contribute to colour variation; in response, the designer should understand the details of the life cycle of the plants to be utilized and include plants that flower at different times of year. Colour theory dictates that warm colours (red, orange, yellow) take prominence in the view, while cool colours (green, blue, violet) recede. Colour also has an emotional impact:  

Colour animates a landscape design. It is affected by light at different times of the day and changes throughout the seasons. Flowers, fruit, leaves or bark of vegetation contribute to colour variation; in response, the designer should understand the details of the life cycle of the plants to be utilized and include plants that flower at different times of year. Colour theory dictates that warm colours (red, orange, yellow) take prominence in the view, while cool colours (green, blue, violet) recede. Colour also has an emotional impact:  

 

*<span style="color:red">red = strong </span>

*'''<span style="color:red">red = strong </span>'''

 

*'''<span style="color:green">green = tranquil </span>'''

*<span style="color:orange">orange = exuberant </span>

*'''<span style="color:blue">blue = dignified</span>'''

 

*'''<span style="color:Darkviolet">violet = sophisticated </span>'''

*<span style="color:yellow; background: Darkgreen">yellow = positive </span>

*'''<span style="color:brown">brown = earthy </span>'''

 

*'''<span style="color:gray">gray = somber </span>'''

*<span style="color:green">green = tranquil </span>

*'''<span style="color:black">black = serious </span>'''

 

*'''<span style="color:orange; background: Darkgreen">orange = exuberant </span>'''

*<span style="color:blue">blue = dignified</span>

*'''<span style="color:yellow; background: Darkgreen">yellow = positive </span>'''

 

*'''<span style="color:white; background: Darkgreen">white = pure </span><ref name=LO554-55>Landscape Design Manual, Landscape Ontario (2014) Page 55-55</ref>'''

*<span style="color:violet">violet = sophisticated </span>

 

*<span style="color:brown">brown = earthy </span>

 

*<span style="color:gray">gray = somber </span>

 

*<span style="color:black">black = serious </span>

 

*<span style="color:white; background: Darkgreen">white = pure </span><ref name=LO554-55>Landscape Design Manual, Landscape Ontario (2014) Page 55-55</ref>

 

Colour can be used in developing unity, repetition and balance in a landscape design, and to direct the eye to a focal point, if desired.

Colour can be used in developing unity, repetition and balance in a landscape design, and to direct the eye to a focal point, if desired.

==Planting plans and specifications==

==Planting plans and specifications==

A qualified landscape architect should prepare documents in coordination with engineering design, including tender documents that encompass site development, soil preparation and earthworks. Plans are prepared on a site-specific basis, incorporating planting layout, species composition and spacing. In addition, landscape plans should include construction details and pertinent notes specifying site supervision, [[monitoring]] and [[maintenance]].

A qualified landscape architect should prepare documents in coordination with engineering design, including tender documents that encompass site development, soil preparation and earthworks. Plans are prepared on a site-specific basis, incorporating planting layout, species composition and spacing. In addition, landscape plans should include construction details and pertinent notes specifying site supervision, monitoring and maintenance.

Early initiatives and successes are more likely to be public, commercial or industrial applications as there is a higher requirement for landscape professionals to be involved and usually a greater opportunity to control and monitor initiatives. Contracts for LID practices may need to be structured slightly differently than a standard construction contract in order to address the long term function of the LID practice, including provision for an extended warranty period.

Early initiatives and successes are more likely to be public, commercial or industrial applications as there is a higher requirement for landscape professionals to be involved and usually a greater opportunity to control and monitor initiatives. Contracts for LID practices may need to be structured slightly differently than a standard construction contract in order to address the long term function of the LID practice, including provision for an extended warranty period.

 

*Vegetation must meet Canadian Standards for Nursery Stock, 9th Ed<ref>https://cnla.ca/uploads/pdf/Canadian-Nursery-Stock-Standard-9th-ed-web.pdf</ref>.  

*Vegetation must meet Canadian Standards for Nursery Stock, 9th Ed<ref>https://cnla.ca/uploads/pdf/Canadian-Nursery-Stock-Standard-9th-ed-web.pdf</ref>.  

*Seed planting is not recommended for low impact development.  

*Seed planting is not recommended for low impact development.  

*Plants should be container grown, balled and burlapped or wire basket.}}

*Plants should be container grown, balled and burlapped or wire basket.

{|class="wikitable"

{|class="wikitable"

|+ Recommended minimum plant sizes for planting

|+ Recommended minimum plant sizes for planting

|-  

|-  

|Deciduous Trees||60 mm calliper  

|Deciduous Trees||45 mm calliper  

|-

|-

|Coniferous Trees||175 cm height  

|Coniferous Trees||175 cm height  

===Plant Installation===

===Plant Installation===

Plants should be kept in their containers until they are to be installed, which should take place as soon as possible upon completion of the [[grading]] and installation of drainage structures. In addition to the planting plan, plant installation details for herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees should be followed per municipal and landscape industry standards, specifications, and guidelines. Avoid staking unless necessary (ie. vandalism or high wind exposure). If staked, then the ties should be a biodegradable web or burlap and removed after the first growing season. If any plant substitutions are required, then the contractor or contract administrator should defer to the designer or municipal agency to make the substitution.

Plants should be kept in their containers until they are to be installed, which should take place as soon as possible upon completion of the [[grading]] and installation of drainage structures. In addition to the planting plan, plant installation details for herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees should be followed per municipal and landscape industry standards, specifications, and guidelines. Avoid staking unless necessary (ie. vandalism or high wind exposure). If staked, then the ties should be a biodegradable web or burlap and removed after the first growing season. If any plant substitutions are required, then the contractor or contract administrator should defer to the designer or municipal agency to make the substitution.

==See Also==

==See Also==

*[[Photographs]]

*[[Plant lists]]

*[[Bioretention]]

*[[Bioretention]]

*[[Swales]]

*[[Swales]]

*[[Bioswales]]

*[[Vegetated filter strips]]

*[[Trees]]

*[[Wetlands]]

 

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[[Category:Infiltration]]

[[Category:Infiltration]]