Changes

*Plowed snow piles should not be stored on permeable pavements to reduce the risk of [[clogging]] from sediment accumulation upon melting.

*Plowed snow piles should not be stored on permeable pavements to reduce the risk of [[clogging]] from sediment accumulation upon melting.

*Do not spread [[sand]] on permeable pavements as part of [[Winter|winter maintenance]] as it will quickly clog the joints or pores and impair drainage function.<ref>Huang, J., Valeo, C., He, J., Chu, A. 2016. Three Types of Permeable Pavements in Cold Climates: Hydraulic and Environmental Performance. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2016:04016025. https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29EE.1943-7870.0001085 </ref>  On permeable interlocking pavers and grid systems filled with gravel, if application of an anti-skid material is desirable, spread the same fine washed gravel material used to fill the paver joints or grid cells<ref> American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). 2018. ASCE/T&DI/ICPI Standard 68-18. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements. Reston VA.https://sp360.asce.org/PersonifyEbusiness/Merchandise/Product-Details/productId/244074874 </ref>; and

*Do not spread [[sand]] on permeable pavements as part of [[Winter|winter maintenance]] as it will quickly clog the joints or pores and impair drainage function.<ref>Huang, J., Valeo, C., He, J., Chu, A. 2016. Three Types of Permeable Pavements in Cold Climates: Hydraulic and Environmental Performance. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2016:04016025. https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29EE.1943-7870.0001085 </ref>  On permeable interlocking pavers and grid systems filled with gravel, if application of an anti-skid material is desirable, spread the same fine washed gravel material used to fill the paver joints or grid cells<ref> American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). 2018. ASCE/T&DI/ICPI Standard 68-18. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements. Reston VA.https://sp360.asce.org/PersonifyEbusiness/Merchandise/Product-Details/productId/244074874 </ref>; and

*[[Salt|De-icers]] should be used sparingly, as needed during winter. Due to their freely draining design, ice will not form on permeable pavements as readily as it does on conventional impermeable pavements during winter thaw-freeze cycles. In a study of a porous asphalt parking lot in New Hampshire, it was found that application of de-icing salt could be reduced by between 64 and 77% while still maintaining equivalent or better surface conditions compared to rates needed for impermeable asphalt.<ref> Roseen, R.A., Ballestro, T.P., Houle, K.M., Heath, D., Houle, J.J. 2014. Assessment of Winter Maintenance of Porous Asphalt and Its Function for Chloride Source Control. Journal of Transportation Engineering. 2014.140. https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29TE.1943-5436.0000618 </ref> In a comparative study of subsurface temperature, Danz et al. (2021) found that PICP surpassed PC and PA with fewer days below freezing, higher temperatures on melt days, slower freeze and faster thaw times, and less penetration of freezing temperatures at depth.<ref>Danz, M.E., Buer, N.H., Selbig, W.R. 2021. Water. 2021, 13, 3513. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/24/3513 </ref>

*[[Salt|De-icers]] should be used sparingly, as needed during winter. Due to their freely draining design, ice will not form on permeable pavements as readily as it does on conventional impermeable pavements during winter thaw-freeze cycles and thereby require fewer salt applications during winter. In a study of a porous asphalt parking lot in New Hampshire, it was found that application of de-icing salt could be reduced by between 64 to 77% while still maintaining equivalent or better surface conditions compared to rates needed for impermeable asphalt.<ref> Roseen, R.A., Ballestro, T.P., Houle, K.M., Heath, D., Houle, J.J. 2014. Assessment of Winter Maintenance of Porous Asphalt and Its Function for Chloride Source Control. Journal of Transportation Engineering. 2014.140. https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29TE.1943-5436.0000618 </ref> In a comparative study of subsurface temperature during freezing winter conditions, Danz et al. (2021) found that PICP surpassed PC and PA with fewer days below freezing, higher temperatures on melt days, slower freeze and faster thaw times, and less penetration of freezing temperatures at depth.<ref>Danz, M.E., Buer, N.H., Selbig, W.R. 2021. Water. 2021, 13, 3513. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/24/3513 </ref>

==Rehabilitation & Repair==

==Rehabilitation & Repair==