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Line 1: − [[File:Double ring.JPG|thumb|Double ring]]+ + + + + + + − • Small ring (28 – 32 cm)+ − • Large ring (53 – 57 cm)+ − • Sledge hammer for driving rings into ground+ − • Wooden block to distribute force when driving rings into ground+ − • Level + − • Two metal rulers with clips to secure+ − • Container for water+ − • Screwdriver or similar implement to dislodge rocks+ + + Line 25:
Line 33: − [[File:DRI.xlsx]]+ + + − Using the DRI (double ring infiltrometer) spreadsheet − + − + − + − + + Line 51:
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→Calculations
[[File:Double ring.jpg|thumb|Schematic diagram of double ring infiltrometer illustrating the infiltration of water both vertically, and laterally particularly from the outer ring.]]
[[File:Double ring.jpg|thumb|Schematic diagram of double ring infiltrometer illustrating the infiltration of water both vertically, and laterally particularly from the outer ring.]]
[[File:Bill's double ring.jpg|thumb|Double ring infiltrometer in use]]
[[File:Bill's double ring.jpg|thumb|Double ring infiltrometer in use]]
[[File:Double ring.JPG|thumb|Double ring]]
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==Principle==
Using a double ring infiltrometer is a relatively simple (although slow) method of measuring soil the [[hydraulic conductivity]] or ''[[design infiltration rate]]'' of a [[soil]].
==Measurements==
===Packing list===
===Packing list===
* Small ring (28 – 32 cm)
* Large ring (53 – 57 cm)
* Sledge hammer for driving rings into ground
* Wooden block to distribute force when driving rings into ground
* Level
* Two metal rulers with clips or tape to secure
* Container for water (will water need transporting to site? take more than you think you'll need)
* Screwdriver or similar implement to dislodge rocks
** Tarpaulin for working/sitting on?
** Sunscreen and/or umbrella!
===Installation===
===Installation===
# Choose or create clear, level ground at the desired test location.
# Choose or create clear, level ground at the desired test location.
==Calculations==
==Calculations==
Download a copy of our DRI (double ring infiltrometer) spreadsheet for this process. Directions are provided below.
{{#l:DRI.xlsx|Double ring to K}}
===The Solver add-in===
===The Solver add-in===
To use the calculation spreadsheet, an additional add-in must be enabled in your Excel program.
To use the calculation spreadsheet, an additional add-in must be enabled in your Excel program.
#Go to ‘File’ in you menu toolbar and select ‘Options’ from the menu,
# Go to ‘File’ in your menu toolbar and select ‘Options’ from the menu,
#Choose ‘Add-ins’ and then at the bottom of the window, for ‘Manage Add-ins’, select ‘Go’.
# Choose ‘Add-ins’ and then at the bottom of the window, for ‘Manage Add-ins’, select ‘Go’.
#Check the box for the ‘Solver’ add-in and then ‘OK’.
# Check the box for the ‘Solver’ add-in and then ‘OK’.
#Your new Solver add-in appears on the right end of the ‘Data’ toolbar in the main Excel window. It is useful for solving all kinds of iterative equations.
# Your new Solver add-in appears on the right end of the ‘Data’ toolbar in the main Excel window. It is useful for solving all kinds of iterative equations.
===Performing calculations===
===Performing calculations===
#Save a new copy of your spreadsheet.
#Save a new copy of your spreadsheet.
##The saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) is approximated by dividing A by 2/3, where A is the slope of the linear part of the graph. i.e when infiltration rate has stabilized.
##The saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) is approximated by dividing A by 2/3, where A is the slope of the linear part of the graph. i.e when infiltration rate has stabilized.
==To review==
==External references==
https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3385.htm
* https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3385.htm an alternative method which uses Mariotte tubes to maintain a constant water level during testing.