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File:Unlabelled bioswale underdrain.png|thumb|700px|Bioswale with check dams, to facilitate short-term ponding (vertical scale exaggerated for diagram), graded sloped channel, mulch preserve soil moisture for plant survival to maintain the organic matter content of underlying filter media, filter media and vegetation to promote infiltration into the facility, an underdrain and river rock/stone to reduce flow velocity and erosion potential within the facility. <span style="color:red">''A note: The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>

File:Unlabelled bioswale underdrain.png|thumb|750px|Bioswale with check dams, to facilitate short-term ponding (vertical scale exaggerated for diagram), graded sloped channel, mulch preserve soil moisture for plant survival to maintain the organic matter content of underlying filter media, filter media and vegetation to promote infiltration into the facility, an underdrain and river rock/stone to reduce flow velocity and erosion potential within the facility. <span style="color:red">''A note: The following is an "image map", feel free to explore the image with your cursor and click on highlighted labels that appear to take you to corresponding pages on the Wiki.''</span>

rect 160 131 656 720 [[Graminoids: List|Tall Grasses / Vegetation]]

rect 160 131 656 720 [[Graminoids: List|Tall Grasses / Vegetation]]

==Overview==

==Overview==

Similar to [[swales]], biofilters, [[enhanced swales|enhanced grassed swales]], and [[bioretention]], bioswales are long [[vegetation|vegetated]] open channels trapezoidal channels which are designed to treat, convey, infiltrate, and attenuate incoming stormwater runoff. Similar to roadside ditches, they are predominately used to help direct large stormwater flow volume from a large catchment area (i.e., road, parking lot, property) to a connected discharge point (i.e. [[overflow|overflow outlet]] connected to the municipal storm sewer system, or to another LID BMP). Bioswales with the optional use of [[check dams]] can also slow and clean suspended sediments along the practice's sloped channel, while also allowing water to infiltrate through the system to an associated [[underdrain]] system below.   

Similar to [[swales]], biofilters, [[enhanced swales|enhanced grassed swales]], and [[bioretention]], bioswales are long [[vegetation|vegetated]] open channels trapezoidal channels which are designed to treat, convey, infiltrate, and attenuate incoming stormwater runoff. Similar to roadside ditches, they are predominately used to help direct large stormwater flow volume from a large catchment area (i.e., road, parking lot, property) to a connected discharge point (i.e. [[overflow|overflow outlet]] connected to the municipal storm sewer system, or to another LID BMP). Bioswales with the optional use of [[check dams]] can also slow and clean suspended sediments along the practice's sloped channel, while also allowing water to infiltrate through the system to an associated [[underdrain]] system below (Capital Regional District (CRD), n.d.)<ref name="example1"> Capital Regional District (CRD). n.d. Bioswales. Stormwater, Wastewater & Septic > Green Stormwater Infrastructure. Accessed Sept. 25, 2022. https://www.crd.bc.ca/education/stormwater-wastewater-septic/green-stormwater-infrastructure/bioswales</ref>  

There are several design variations of the bioswales, which include:  

There are several design variations of the bioswales, which include:  

*[[Retention swales]]

*[[Retention swales]]

Bioswale [[vegetation]] is generally lawn [[grasses]], but there are numerous variations that include: [[perennials]], [[shrubs]], small [[trees]] and various plants or [[river rock] that allow the practice to still effectively infiltrate and convey incoming stormwater runoff.  

Bioswale [[vegetation]] is generally lawn [[grasses]], but there are numerous variations that include: [[perennials]], [[shrubs]], small [[trees]] and various plants or [[river rock] that allow the practice to still effectively infiltrate and convey incoming stormwater runoff (Capital Regional District (CRD), n.d.)<ref name="example1" />.  

Take a look at the downloadable Enhanced Grass Swales Factsheet, which includes details about [[bioswales]] below for a .pdf overview of this LID Best Management Practice:

Take a look at the downloadable Enhanced Grass Swales Factsheet, which includes details about [[bioswales]] below for a .pdf overview of this LID Best Management Practice:

*Facilities with a deeper media bed (greater than 1 m) provide the opportunity for a wider range of plant species (including trees).  

*Facilities with a deeper media bed (greater than 1 m) provide the opportunity for a wider range of plant species (including trees).  

*For applications along roads and parking lots, where snow may be plowed or stored, non-woody and salt tolerant species should be chosen.

*For applications along roads and parking lots, where snow may be plowed or stored, non-woody and salt tolerant species should be chosen.

*Proper spacing must be provided for aboveground and below ground utilities, and adjacent infrastructure.

*Proper spacing must be provided for aboveground and below ground utilities, and adjacent infrastructure.  

 

==Performance==

==Performance==