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==Benefits==
==Benefits==
One study states that the mixing of biochar with [[compost]] did not decrease the [[phosphorus]] leaching from the mixture. <ref name=Iqbal/> Based on this study, it would seem that biochar is ineffective for phosphorus removal. However, some other papers indicate that biochar mixed with sand was able to retain some trace organic contaminants (TOrCs), <ref>Ulrich B, Im E, Werner D, Higgins C. Biochar and Activated Carbon for Enhanced Trace Organic Contaminant Retention in Stormwater Infiltration Systems. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015;49:6222-6230. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00376.</ref> and that after six months of operation, biochar-amended [[biofilters]] improved removal of total dissolved phosphorus and other TOrCs by greater than 60%. <ref>Ulrich B, Loehnert M, Higgins C. Improved contaminant removal in vegetated stormwater biofilters amended with biochar. Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.,2017;3:726-734. doi: 10.1039/C7EW00070G</ref> Amendment of LID systems with biochar has shown promise for improved removal of [[heavy metals]], bacteria, [[Water quality#nutrients|nutrients]], and TOrCs. <ref>Ulrich B, Vignola M, Edgehouse K, Werner D, Higgins C. Organic Carbon Amendments for Enhanced Biological Attenuation of Trace Organic Contaminants in Biochar-Amended Stormwater Biofilters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017;51:9184-9193. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01164.</ref>
One study states that the mixing of biochar with [[compost]] did not decrease the [[phosphorus]] leaching from the mixture. <ref name=Iqbal/> Based on this study, it would seem that biochar is ineffective for phosphorus removal. However, some other papers indicate that biochar mixed with sand was able to retain some trace organic contaminants (TOrCs), <ref>Ulrich B, Im E, Werner D, Higgins C. Biochar and Activated Carbon for Enhanced Trace Organic Contaminant Retention in Stormwater Infiltration Systems. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015;49:6222-6230. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00376.</ref> and that after six months of operation, biochar-amended [[biofilters]] improved removal of total dissolved phosphorus and other TOrCs by greater than 60%. <ref>Ulrich B, Loehnert M, Higgins C. Improved contaminant removal in vegetated stormwater biofilters amended with biochar. Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.,2017;3:726-734. doi: 10.1039/C7EW00070G</ref> Amendment of LID systems with biochar has shown promise for improved removal of [[heavy metals]], bacteria, [[Water quality#nutrients|nutrients]], and TOrCs. <ref>Ulrich B, Vignola M, Edgehouse K, Werner D, Higgins C. Organic Carbon Amendments for Enhanced Biological Attenuation of Trace Organic Contaminants in Biochar-Amended Stormwater Biofilters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017;51:9184-9193. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01164.</ref>
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[[category: materials]]
[[category: materials]]
[[category: phosphorus]]
[[category: phosphorus]]
[[category: water quality]]
[[category: water quality]]