Performance of filter strips has also been evaluated based on the Roadside Vegetated Treatment Sites Study <ref name='Barrett2003'/> and the BMP Retrofit Pilot Study <ref>California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). 2004. BMP Retrofit Pilot Program, Final Report, CTSW-RT-01-050. Sacramento, CA.</ref>. These studies concluded that concentration reductions consistently occur for TSS and total heavy metals and frequently for [[heavy metals|dissolved metals]]. [[Nutrient]] concentrations remained generally unchanged. When vegetation cover on the filter strip is below 80% water quality performance declines.