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→Landscaping
[[File:Vegetated_filter_strip_1.jpg|thumb|Grass filter strip draining to vegetated swale. Source: Trinkhaus Engineering]]
[[File:Vegetated_filter_strip_1.jpg|thumb|500px|Grass filter strip draining to vegetated swale. Source: Trinkhaus Engineering]]
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*The flow path length across the vegetated filter strip should exceed the maximum flow path length across the impervious surface draining to it.
*The flow path length across the vegetated filter strip should exceed the maximum flow path length across the impervious surface draining to it.
*The filter strip should have a flow path length of ≥ 5 m; however, some pollutant removal benefits are realized ≥ 3 m.
*The filter strip should have a flow path length of ≥ 5 m; however, some pollutant removal benefits are realized ≥ 3 m.
*Should be graded to provide a 75 to 100 mm elevation drop between pavement edge or flush curb and filter strip surface to dissipate energy, promote settling and allow for accumulation of sediment and debris between cleanings.
*Should be graded to provide a 75 to 150 mm elevation drop between pavement edge or flush curb and filter strip surface to dissipate energy, promote settling and allow for accumulation of sediment and debris between cleanings.
===Pretreatment===
===Pretreatment===
*A [[level spreader]] or [[gravel diaphragm]] at the top of the slope is always recommended.
*A [[level spreader]] or [[gravel diaphragm]] at the top of the slope is always recommended.
===Soil Amendments===
===Soil Amendments===
If native soils on the filter strip site are highly compacted, or of such low fertility that vegetation cannot become established, they should be tilled to a depth of 300 mm and amended with [[compost]] to achieve an [[organic matter]] content of 5 - 15 %.
If native soils on the filter strip site are highly compacted, or of such low fertility that vegetation cannot become established, they should be tilled to a depth of 300 mm and amended with [[compost]] to achieve an [[organic matter]] content of 5 - 15 %.
==Inspection and Maintenance==
Maintenance requirements for vegetated filter strips are similar to [[enhanced swales|enhanced grass swales]] and typically involve a low level of activity after [[vegetation]] becomes established. Routine inspection is important to ensure that dense vegetation cover is maintained and inflowing runoff does not become concentrated and create ruts or low points, making the practice redundant (especially as a pretreatment device used for other BMPs). Vehicles should not be parked or driven on filter strips at any time. For routine mowing of grassed filter strips, the lightest possible mowing equipment should be used to prevent soil compaction over the life of the practice, opt for push mowers if possible.
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Take a look at the [[Inspection and Maintenance: Vegetated Filter Strips]] page by clicking below for further details about proper inspection and maintenance practices:
{{Clickable button|[[File:1 Veg Filter Strips banner.png|150 px|link=https://wiki.sustainabletechnologies.ca/wiki/Inspection_and_Maintenance:_Vegetated_Filter_Strips]]}}
==Landscaping==
==Landscaping==
The context of filter strips is often natural, informal and somewhat informal. Filter strip vegetation can consist of [[Turf|turf grasses]], meadow [[Graminoids: List|grasses]], [[Perennials: List|wildflowers]], shrubs, and [[trees]]. Trees and shrubs with deep rooting capabilities are recommended for planting to maximize soil infiltration capacity <ref>Philadelphia Water Department (PWD). 2007. Philadelphia Stormwater Management Guidance Manual. Philadelphia, PA.</ref>.
The context of filter strips is often natural, and somewhat informal. Filter strip vegetation can consist of [[Turf|turf grasses]], meadow [[Graminoids: List|grasses]], [[Perennials: List|wildflowers]], shrubs, and [[trees]]. Trees and shrubs with deep rooting capabilities are recommended for planting to maximize soil infiltration capacity <ref>Philadelphia Water Department (PWD). 2007. Philadelphia Stormwater Management Guidance Manual. Philadelphia, PA.</ref>.
*Filter strips used for snow storage and treatment should be planted with non-woody vegetation. Designers should choose vegetation that stabilizes the soil and is salt tolerant where the filter strip will be used for snow storage or to treat road runoff.
*Filter strips used for snow storage and treatment should be planted with non-woody vegetation. Designers should choose vegetation that stabilizes the soil and is salt tolerant where the filter strip will be used for snow storage or to treat road runoff.
==Performance==
==Performance==
{{:Filter strips: Performance}}
{{:Filter strips: Performance}}
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==Life Cycle Costs==
To learn about Life Cycle Costs associated with this practice (i.e. Pre-construction, Excavation, Materials & Installation, Project Management, Overhead, Inspection and Maintenance, Rehabilitation and other associated costs), visit the [[Vegetated Filter Strip: Life Cycle Costs]] page to view a cost estimate for a 500 m<sup>2</sup> filter strip. Alternatively you can use the [https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/lid-lcct/ STEP's Low Impact Development Life Cycle Costing Tool (LID LCCT)] to generate cost estimates customized to your own LID stormwater design project specifications.
Take a look at the [[Vegetated Filter Strip: Life Cycle Costs]] page by clicking below for further details:
{{Clickable button|[[File:Construction Breakdown VegStrip Full Infil.PNG|150 px|link=https://wiki.sustainabletechnologies.ca/wiki/Vegetated_Filter_Strip:_Life_Cycle_Costs]]}}
==References==
[[Category: Pretreatment]]
[[Category: Pretreatment]]