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Welcome to the Low Impact Development Stormwater Management Practice Planning and Design Guide

The Low Impact Development Stormwater Management Planning and Design Guide (LID SWM Guide) has been developed by Credit Valley Conservation (CVC) and Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA) as a tool to help developers, consultants, municipalities and landowners understand and implement more sustainable stormwater management planning and design practices in their watersheds. Many jurisdictions have defined the term low impact development. For this document, the following definition, adapted from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA, 2007) will be used:

Low impact development (LID) is a stormwater management strategy that seeks to mitigate the impacts of increased runoff and stormwater pollution by managing runoff as close to its source as possible. LID comprises a set of site design strategies that minimize runoff and distributed, small scale structural practices that mimic natural or predevelopment hydrology through the processes of infiltration, evapotranspiration, harvesting, filtration and detention of stormwater. These practices can effectively remove nutrients, pathogens and metals from runoff, and they reduce the volume and intensity of stormwater flows.

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO THE LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AND DESIGN GUIDE

• About this Document
•    Acknowledgements
•    Definition of Low Impact Development and Related Terminology
• History and Context
• Legislative Framework
• The Evolution of Stormwater Management

INTEGRATING STORMWATER MANAGEMENT INTO THE PLANNING PROCESS

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THE LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT APPROACH

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DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

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MONITORING

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TOOLS

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HOT TOPICS

<h4Blue>Common concerns about groundwater interaction</h4Blue>

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<h4Blue>Infiltration on tight soils: it's possible!</h4Blue>

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<h4Blue>Water-loving perennials</h4Blue>

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<h4Blue>Budgeting for a BMP's life cycle</h4Blue>

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<h4Blue>Tendering for LIDs</h4Blue>

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<h4Blue>Maintaining BMPs</h4Blue>

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BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

RAINWATER HARVESTING

GREEN ROOFS

DOWNSPOUT DISCONNECTION

SOAKAWAYS, INFILTRATION TRENCHES AND CHAMBERS

BIORETENTION

VEGETATED FILTER STRIPS AND SOIL AMENDMENTS

PERMEABLE PAVEMENT

ENHANCED GRASS SWALES

DRY SWALES

PERFORATED PIPES

POLLUTION PREVENTION

STORMWATER PLANTERS AND SOIL CELLS

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Low impact development is a stormwater management and land development strategy applied at the parcel and subdivision scale that emphasizes conservation and use of on-site natural features integrated with engineered, small scale hydrologic controls to more closely mimic pre-development hydrologic functions.

A stormwater management strategy that seeks to mitigate the impacts of increased urban runoff and stormwater pollution by managing it as close to its source as possible. It comprises a set of site design approaches and small scale stormwater management practices that promote the use of natural systems for infiltration and evapotranspiration, and rainwater harvesting.

Low Impact Development. A stormwater management strategy that seeks to mitigate the impacts of increased urban runoff and stormwater pollution by managing it as close to its source as possible. It comprises a set of site design approaches and small scale stormwater management practices that promote the use of natural systems for infiltration and evapotranspiration, and rainwater harvesting.

Stormwater Management

Credit Valley Conservation

Toronto and Region Conservation Authority

A stormwater management strategy that seeks to mitigate the impacts of increased urban runoff and stormwater pollution by managing it as close to its source as possible. It comprises a set of site design approaches and small scale stormwater management practices that promote the use of natural systems for infiltration and evapotranspiration, and rainwater harvesting.

A stormwater management strategy that seeks to mitigate the impacts of increased urban runoff and stormwater pollution by managing it as close to its source as possible. It comprises a set of site design approaches and small scale stormwater management practices that promote the use of natural systems for infiltration and evapotranspiration, and rainwater harvesting.

The portion of water precipitated onto a catchment area, which then flows as surface discharge from the catchment area past a specified point.

Water from rain, snow melt, or irrigation that flows over the land surface.

The slow movement of water into or through a soil or drainage system.

Penetration of water through the ground surface.

The quantity of water transpired (given off). Retained in plant tissues, and evaporated from plant tissues and surrounding soil surfaces. Quantitatively it is usually expressed in terms of depth of water per unit area during a specified period. e.g. mm/day

The combined loss of water to the atmosphere from land and water surfaces by evaporation and from plants by transpiration.

The technique of removing pollutants from runoff as it infiltrates through the soil.

The temporary storage of stormwater to control discharge rates, and allow for sedimentation.

Surface runoff from at-grade surfaces, resulting from rain or snowmelt events.

Best management practice. State of the art methods or techniques used to manage the quantity and improve the quality of wet weather flow. BMPs include: source, conveyance and end-of-pipe controls.