Iron filings or zero-valent iron (ZVI) is the elemental form of iron with a zero charge carried by each atom – a result of the outer valence level being filled. ZVI is able to remove dissolved phosphorus (phosphate) from solution through precipitation (Rossetti, 2017). <ref name=Rossetti>Rossetti M. Evaluation of phosphorous removals by biochar supported nano-scale zero-valent iron. 2017. Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Thesis.</ref> Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are also used for [[phosphorus]] removal. | Iron filings or zero-valent iron (ZVI) is the elemental form of iron with a zero charge carried by each atom – a result of the outer valence level being filled. ZVI is able to remove dissolved phosphorus (phosphate) from solution through precipitation (Rossetti, 2017). <ref name=Rossetti>Rossetti M. Evaluation of phosphorous removals by biochar supported nano-scale zero-valent iron. 2017. Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Thesis.</ref> Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are also used for [[phosphorus]] removal. |