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Line 83: − − == Best Practices for Sedimentation-Based Stormwater Treatment == − − '''Design for Adequate Surface Area''' – Systems should have sufficient area to slow down flow and enhance settling. − − '''Maintain Low Surface Loading Rates''' – Lower SLRs improve treatment performance. − − '''Use Pre-Treatment Systems''' – Oil grit separators and catch basins can extend the life of downstream sedimentation systems. − − '''Incorporate Periodic Maintenance''' – Regular sediment removal prevents resuspension and system clogging. − − '''Account for Seasonal Variability''' – Adjust design parameters based on temperature effects on settling velocity. Line 230:
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[[File:Markham-Green-Road-Case-Study FINAL Page 3 Image 0001.png|500px|thumb|right| This cross-section of a road from the Markham Municipal Green Road Pilot Project shows how water from a primary inlet flows through a catchbasin sump with a hickenbottom-style riser, which promotes sedimentation before the water reaches the infiltration gallery (Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program, 2018) <ref>Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program. 2018. The Markham Municipal Green Road Pilot Project. https://sustainabletechnologies.ca/app/uploads/2018/12/Markham-Green-Road-Case-Study_FINAL.pdf</ref>.]]
== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Sedimentation is a fundamental process used in stormwater treatment to remove pollutants from runoff. It relies on gravity to deposit suspended sediment and debris into a designated settling area for later removal. Many pollutants that adhere to solids, such as metals, phosphorus, and hydrocarbons, are also removed through this process.
Sedimentation is a fundamental process used in stormwater treatment to remove pollutants from runoff. It relies on gravity to deposit suspended sediment and debris into a designated settling area for later removal. Many pollutants that adhere to solids, such as metals, phosphorus, and hydrocarbons, are also removed through this process.
'''Particle Size Distribution''' – Determines the settling velocity of solids in runoff.
'''Particle Size Distribution''' – Determines the settling velocity of solids in runoff.
'''Inlet and Outlet Design''' – Properly designed structures reduce resuspension and short-circuiting of flow.
'''[[Inlet]] and Outlet Design''' – Properly designed structures reduce resuspension and short-circuiting of flow.
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Research has shown wide variations in particle sizes in urban runoff, influenced by factors such as native soil texture, tree canopy cover, traffic levels, and road maintenance practices. While laboratory analyses help determine particle size, field studies provide more practical insights into sedimentation system performance.
Research has shown wide variations in particle sizes in urban runoff, influenced by factors such as native soil texture, tree canopy cover, traffic levels, and road maintenance practices. While laboratory analyses help determine particle size, field studies provide more practical insights into sedimentation system performance.
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== Best Practices for Sedimentation-Based Stormwater Treatment ==
'''Design for Adequate Surface Area''' – Systems should have sufficient area to slow down flow and enhance settling.
'''Maintain Low Surface Loading Rates''' – Lower SLRs improve treatment performance.
'''Use Pre-Treatment Systems''' – Oil grit separators and catch basins can extend the life of downstream sedimentation systems.
'''Incorporate Periodic Maintenance''' – Regular sediment removal prevents resuspension and system clogging.
'''Account for Seasonal Variability''' – Adjust design parameters based on temperature effects on settling velocity.
==References==
==References==