Changes

===Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves===

===Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves===

[[File:Screenshot 2025-08-28 160855.png|500px|thumb|right|Reading IDF Curves: A precipitation event with a duration of 12 minutes, and intensity of 5 inches/hour is predicted to occur once every 5 years (Bentley, N.D) <ref>Bentley StormCAD CONNECT Edition Help. N.D. I-D-F Curves.</ref>]]

[[File:Screenshot 2025-08-28 160855.png|400px|thumb|right|Reading IDF Curves: A precipitation event with a duration of 12 minutes, and intensity of 5 inches/hour is predicted to occur once every 5 years (Bentley, N.D) <ref>Bentley StormCAD CONNECT Edition Help. N.D. I-D-F Curves.</ref>]]

[[File:IDF curve climate change.png|500px|thumb|right|IDF curves may shift under future climate scenarios. In this example, the future 50-year storm is predicted to have a higher rate of rainfall than historical storms of the same return period. LID practices should be designed to accommodate this shift. Image credit: ECCC (2025) <ref name = ECCC>Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2025. IDF Data and Climate Change. https://climatedata.ca/resource/idf-data-and-climate-change/</ref>]]

[[File:IDF curve climate change.png|650px|thumb|right|IDF curves may shift under future climate scenarios. In this example, the future 50-year storm is predicted to have a higher rate of rainfall than historical storms of the same return period. LID practices should be designed to accommodate this shift. Image credit: ECCC (2025) <ref name = ECCC>Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2025. IDF Data and Climate Change. https://climatedata.ca/resource/idf-data-and-climate-change/</ref>]]

Intensity–Duration–Frequency (IDF) curves are a standard tool in hydrology that describe the statistical relationship between rainfall intensity, storm duration, and frequency of occurrence (return period) to determine the likelihood of extreme rainfall events (Martel et al., 2021)<ref>Martel, J.-L., Brissette, F. P., Lucas-Picher, P., Troin, M., & Arsenault, R. 2021. Climate change and rainfall intensity–duration–frequency curves: Overview of science and guidelines for adaptation. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 26(10), 03121001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0002122 </ref>.

Intensity–Duration–Frequency (IDF) curves are a standard tool in hydrology that describe the statistical relationship between rainfall intensity, storm duration, and frequency of occurrence (return period) to determine the likelihood of extreme rainfall events (Martel et al., 2021)<ref>Martel, J.-L., Brissette, F. P., Lucas-Picher, P., Troin, M., & Arsenault, R. 2021. Climate change and rainfall intensity–duration–frequency curves: Overview of science and guidelines for adaptation. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 26(10), 03121001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0002122 </ref>.