Difference between revisions of "Pipes"

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[[File:Perforated Pipe 550x550.jpg|thumb]]
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[[File:Perforations.png|thumb|Pipes are available with perforations on just one side, these should be situated on the lower half of the pipe. Pipes with 360° perforations should have a strip of geotextile or membrane placed over the pipe to reduce the migration of fines from overlying media.]]
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Perforated pipes are a common component of [[underdrains]], [[infiltration trenches]] and [[exfiltration trenches]]. 
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Pipes should have been manufactured in conformity with the latest standards by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or ASTM International.
 
Pipes should have been manufactured in conformity with the latest standards by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or ASTM International.
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*Perforated pipes should be continuously perforated, smooth interior HDPE (or equivalent material) with a minimum inside diameter of 100 mm.  
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*Perforated pipes should be continuously perforated, smooth interior HDPE (or equivalent material).
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**Where freezing is a concern, horizontal underdrain pipes should be over-sized to a minimum 200 mm diameter.  
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**Wherever possible pipes should be ≥ 200 mm internal diameter to reduce clogging and to facilitate inspections and maintenance.  
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**Perforations should be made on all sides of the pipe and provide a ≥ 1 m<sup>2</sup> of open area per linear meter of pipe.
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**Smooth interior facilitates inspection and maintenance activities; internal corrugations can cause cameras or hydrojetting apparatus to become snagged.   
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*All underdrains should be capped on the upstream end.
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**A perforated pipe with many rectangular slots has better drainage characteristics than a pipe with similar open area provided by fewer circular holes <ref>Hazenberg, G., and U. S. Panu (1991), Theoretical analysis of flow rate into perforated drain tubes, Water Resour. Res., 27(7), 1411–1418, doi:10.1029/91WR00779.</ref>.
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*At least one vertical well per BMP is recommended, for inspection and monitoring water level.  
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*Non-perforated pipes should be used for conveyance to and away from the facility, including [[overflow]]. It is good practice to extend the non-perforated pipe approximately 300 mm within the reservoir or practice to reduce the chance of migration from native soils clogging the pipe at the interface.
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**Well(s), of 100 - 150 mm diameter perforated pipe, should extend to the bottom of the facility.  
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**Where a horizontal underdrain is being installed, an upstream and a downstream well should be coupled to the underdrain pipe. The pair of wells can then be used to flush out the length of underdrain if required.  
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<gallery mode="packed" widths=200px heights=200px>
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**The exposed tops of all wells should be fitted with lockable caps.  
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Perforated Pipe 550x550.jpg|Pipe with slotted perforations
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*Non-perforated pipes should be used for conveyance to and away from the facility, including overflow.
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Pipe with connector.jpg|Perforated pipes awaiting installation, note the 30 degree connector used to facilitate maintenance.  
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**To function correctly, the capacity of the overflow pipes must be greater than the inlet(s).
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</gallery>
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See also: [[flow through perforated pipe]]
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[[Category:Materials]]
 
[[Category:Materials]]

Revision as of 18:53, 15 March 2019

Pipes are available with perforations on just one side, these should be situated on the lower half of the pipe. Pipes with 360° perforations should have a strip of geotextile or membrane placed over the pipe to reduce the migration of fines from overlying media.

Perforated pipes are a common component of underdrains, infiltration trenches and exfiltration trenches.

Pipes should have been manufactured in conformity with the latest standards by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or ASTM International.

  • Perforated pipes should be continuously perforated, smooth interior HDPE (or equivalent material).
    • Wherever possible pipes should be ≥ 200 mm internal diameter to reduce clogging and to facilitate inspections and maintenance.
    • Smooth interior facilitates inspection and maintenance activities; internal corrugations can cause cameras or hydrojetting apparatus to become snagged.
    • A perforated pipe with many rectangular slots has better drainage characteristics than a pipe with similar open area provided by fewer circular holes [1].
  • Non-perforated pipes should be used for conveyance to and away from the facility, including overflow. It is good practice to extend the non-perforated pipe approximately 300 mm within the reservoir or practice to reduce the chance of migration from native soils clogging the pipe at the interface.

  • Pipe with slotted perforations

  • Perforated pipes awaiting installation, note the 30 degree connector used to facilitate maintenance.

See also: flow through perforated pipe

  1. ↑ Hazenberg, G., and U. S. Panu (1991), Theoretical analysis of flow rate into perforated drain tubes, Water Resour. Res., 27(7), 1411–1418, doi:10.1029/91WR00779.

Filter fabric that is installed to separate dissimilar soils and provide runoff filtration and contaminant removal benefits while maintaining a suitable rate of flow; may be used to prevent fine-textured soil from entering a coarse granular bed, or to prevent coarse granular from being compressed into underlying finer-textured soils.

Soil particles with a diameter less than 0.050 mm.

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